ارزیابی مؤلّفه‌های رقابت‌پذیری سرزمینی در استان‌های کشور با استفاده از مدل تلفیقی تحلیل عاملی و فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای (F'ANP)

اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای

مقاله 3، دوره 24، شماره 14، آبان 1396، صفحه 55-85   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/erd.v24i13.55854

نویسندگان

فاطمه محمدی آیدغمیش^* ؛ مجتبی رفیعیان

تربیت مدرس

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، ارزیابی مؤلفه‌های رقابت‌پذیری سرزمینی در استان‌های کشور است. در این راستا 24 متغیر در ابعاد گوناگون از متون نظری و تجربی استخراج شد و با روش اسنادی و استفاده از داده-های ثانویه جمع‌آوری گردید و با روش کمی (تحلیل عاملی و فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای) مورد تحلیل واقع شدند. با انجام تحلیل عاملی، 7 عامل (1) دانش، فناوری و سرمایه فرهنگی و انسانی (2) ارتباطات ملی و بین‌المللی، (3) عملکرد اقتصادی، (4) پتانسیل مشارکت اقتصادی، (5) سرمایه کالبدی و زیرساختی، (6) سرانه آموزش عالی و درمان و (7) شرایط زیست‌محیطی با 79.9% واریانس تجمعی شناسایی شد. به-منظور ارزیابی رقابت‌پذیری استان‌ها از رهیافت موقعیت‏یابی استفاده گردید و رتبه‌بندی از طریق فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای، صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تهران، یزد و بوشهر به ترتیب رقابت‌پذیرترین استان-های کشور بوده و لرستان، خراسان‌شمالی و سیستان‌و‌بلوچستان به‌ترتیب در جایگاه 29، 30 و 31 ام قرار دارند. از سوی دیگر، در نظر گرفتن وضعیت استان‌ها از حیث عامل‌های جداگانه از اهمیت برخوردار است تا با اتخاذ راهبردهای مناسب و تقویت عامل موردنظر، بتوان رقابت‌پذیری استان را تقویت نمود. پراکنش فضایی رقابت‌پذیری سرزمینی در کشور نیز تابع الگوی مشخصی نبود ولی نشان می‌داد که استان تهران با سایر استان‌های کشور به لحاظ رقابت‌پذیری تفاوت بارزی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رقابت پذیری سرزمینی؛ استان های کشور؛ رهیافت موقعیت ‏یابی؛ تحلیل عاملی؛ فرآیند تحلیل شبکه ای

مراجع

[1] Asheim, B., Cooke, P. & Martin, R. (2006). The rise of the cluster concept in regional analysis and policy a critical assessment. In B. Asheim, P. Cooke, & R. Martin, Clusters and Regional Development, Critical reflections and explorations, pp. 1-30. Oxon: Routledge.

[2] Begg, I. (1999). "Cities and Competitiveness", Urban Studies, Vol. 36, pp. 795-809.

[3] Bronisz, U., Heijman, W. & Miszczuk, A. (2008). "Regional competitiveness in Poland: Creating an index", Jahrbuch fur Regionalwissenschaft, 28, pp. 133-143.

[4] Camagni, R. (2002). "On the Concept of Territorial Competitiveness: Sound or Misleading?" Urban Studies, 39(13), 2395–2411.

[5] Cheshire, P. and Gordon, I. (1998). "Territorial competition: some lessons for policy", The Annals of Regional Science, 32, pp.321-346.

[6] Cincikaite, R. (2013). The measurement of urban competitiveness in a complex way on the perspective of sustainable development, Doctoral dissertation in social sciences economics, Velnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania.

[7] Dadashpoor, H. and Dadejani, M. (2015). "Identifying and prioritizing root factors affecting the regional competitiveness promotion; Case Study: Kurdistan", Journal of Rrgional Planning, Issue 19, pp. 27-42 (In Persian).

[8] Deas, I & Giordano, B. (2001). "Conceptualising and measuring urban competitiveness in major English cities: an exploratory approach", Environment and Planning, Vol. 33, pp. 1411-1429.

[9] Dinis, A. (2004)."Territorial Marketing: A Useful Tool for Competitiveness of Rural and Peripheral Areas", 44th European Congress of ERSA, University of Porto, pp. 25-29.

[10] Feldman, M., & Francis, J. (2006). Entrepreneurs as agents in the formation of industrial clusters. In B. Asheim, P. Cooke, & R. Martin, Clusters and Regional Development: Critical reflections and explorations, pp. 110-111, Oxon: Routledge.

[11] Florida, R. (1995). "Toward the learning region". Futures, 27(5), 527-536.

[12] Garden, C. and Martin, R.L. (2005). "A Study on the Factors of Regional Competitiveness: A Draft Final Report for the European Commission Directorate-General Regional Policy", in website: http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/3cr/competitiveness.pdf.

[13] Huovari, J., Kangasharju, A. & Alanen, A. (2001). " CONSRTUCTING AN INDEX FOR REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS", Pellervo Economic Research Institute Working Papers. Helsinki.

[14] Jiang, Y. and Shen, J. (2010) "Measurement of Urban Competitiveness of Chines cities in 2000", Cities, Vol. 10, pp. 307-314.

[15] Kitson, M., Martin, R. and Tyler, P. (2004). "Regional Competitiveness: An Elusive yet Key Concept?" Regional Studies, 38(9).

[16] Krugman, P. (1994). "Competitiveness: A Dangerous Obsession". Foreign Affairs, 73(2), 28- 44.

[17] Krugman, P. R. (1996). "Making sense of the competitiveness debate". Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 12(3), pp. 17-25.

[18] Lengyel, I. (2004). "The Pyramid Model: Enhancing Regional Competitiveness in Hungary", Acta Oeconomica, Vol. 54 (3).

[19] Lengyel, I. (2009). Bottom-up Regional Economic Development: Competition, Competitiveness and Clusters. In I. Lengyel, & Z. Bajmocy, Regional Competitiveness, Innovation and Environment. Szeged: JTAE Press.

[20] Lengyel, I. & Rechnitzer, A. J. (2013). "THE COMPETITIVENESS OF REGIONS IN THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN TRANSITION COUNTRIES". The Macrotheme Review, 2(4), pp. 106-121.

[21] Lever, W. F and Turok, I. (1999). "Competitive city: Introduction to the review", Urban Studies, Vol. 36, pp. 791-793.

[22] Lever, W. F. (2002). "Correlating the Knowledge-base of Cities with Economic Growth" .Urban Studies, 39(5-6), pp. 859-870.

[23] Lin, Y., Kune-Muh T., Wei-Jung Sh., Tsai-Chi K. and Chih-Hung T. (2009). "Research on using ANP to establish a performance assessment model for business intelligence systems". Expert systems with Applications, Vol. 36, pp. 4135-4146.

[24] Malecki, E. J. (2004). "Jockeying for Position: What It Means and Why It Matters to Regional Development Policy When Places Compete". Regional Studies, 38(9), 1101-1120.

[25] Nedae Tousi, S. (2015). "The framework of spatial development in regional competitiveness in Iran", Urban Planning Doctoral Dissertation, University Shahid Beheshti (In Persian).

[26] Ni, P. and Kresl, P. K. (2010). The Global Urban Competitiveness Report, Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK. Northampton, MA, USA.

[27] Porter, M.E. (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York: Free Press.

[28] Porter, M. E. (2000). Locations, Clusters, and Company Strategy. In G. L. Clark, M. P.

[29] Qingyun Du et al. (2014). "Measuring and Analysis of Urban Competitiveness of Chinese Provincial Capitals in 2010 under the Constraints of Major Function-Oriented Zoning Utilizing Spatial Analysis", Sustainability, Vol. 6, pp. 3374-3399.

[30] Romer, P. (1990). "Endogenous Technological Change". Political Economy, 98(5), 71-102.

[31] Rostami, A. & Eltejaei, M. (2013). Competitive Cities in the 21st century (Cluster-based Local Economic Development), Tehran: Nora (In Persian).

[32] Serrano, F. A. (2003). City competitiveness and attractiveness: A new approach to evaluate economic development in Mexican cities. University of Glasgow, Department of Urban Studies. Glasgow: University of Glasgow.

[33] Sharifzadegan, M.H. & Nedae Tousi, S. (2015). "Iran's Regional Competitiveness Spatial Development Framework; Case Study: 30 Provinces of Iran". HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA (MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI), 20(3), pp. 5-20.

[34] Sharifzadegan, M.H. & Nedae Tousi, S. (2016). "Suitability Assessment of Success Factors of Regional Development Competitiveness in Iran". Human Geography, 48(1), pp. 105-123.

[35] Sharifzadegan, M.H.; Malekpour B. & Stough R. (2015). Regional endogenous development based on conceptualizing a regional productivity model for application in Iran. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, pp. 1-30.

[36] Shen, J. & Yang, X. (2014). "Analyzing Urban Competitiveness Changes in Major Chinese Cities 1995–2008". Spatial Analysis, Vol. 7. Pp. 361-379.

[37] Shen, J. and Jiang, Y. (2010). "Measurement of Urban Competitiveness of Chines cities in 2000", Cities, Vol. 10, pp. 307-314.

[38] Singhal, S., McGreal, S. and Berry, J. (2013). "An evaluative model for city competitiveness: Application to UK cities", Land Use Policy, Vol. 30, pp. 214-222.

[39] Sinkiene, J. (2008). Urban Competitiveness Model, Doctoral dissertation in social sciences, management and administration at Kaunas University of Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Public Administration, Lithuania.

[40] Turok, I. (2004). "Cities, Regions and Competitiveness". Regional Studies, 38(9), 1069-1083.

[41] WEF (2014). The competitiveness of cities, a report of the Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness.

[42] Report of annual mean PM10 (particular matter with diameter of 10 ϻm or less) by city (2011). In website: www.who.int. Accessed August 15, 2015.

[43] Zebardast, E. (2010). "Application of Analytic Network Process (ANP) in urban and regional planning", Journal of Fine Arts (Architecture and Urban Planning), No. 41, pp. 90-79 (In Persian).

[44] http://files.spac.ir/هفته نامه برنامه/Barnameh gozashteh/Barnameh 220/1.htm. Accessed August 12, 2015.

[45] www.amar.org.ir.

[46] http://daminfo.wrm.ir. Accessed August 3, 2015.

[47] http://www.doe.ir. Accessed August 12, 2015.

[48] http://www.msrt.ir. Accessed August 5, 2015.

[49] http://www.rai.ir. Accessed July 11, 2015.