مقایسه تاثیرکودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و درصد اسانس گیاه دارویی ریحان ) (Ocimum basilicum L.

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 7، دوره 2، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 3، فروردین 1389، صفحه 63-74   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v2i1.7603

نویسندگان

سید محمد کاظم تهامی زرندی^* ؛ پرویز رضوانی مقدم؛ محسن جهان

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

امروزه برای داشتن یک نظام کشاورزی پایدار، استفاده از نهاده‌هایی که جنبه های اکولوژیکی نظام را بهبود بخشند و مخاطرات محیطی را کاهش دهند ضروری به نظر میرسد. در این راستا آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با شش تیمارکودی و سه تکرار در سال زراعی 88-1387 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بر روی گیاه دارویی ریحان ) (Ocimum basilicum L. انجام شد. تیمارها شامل تیمار شاهد (عدم کود دهی)، کود گاوی، کود گوسفندی، کود مرغی، ورمی‌کمپوست و کود شیمیایی بود. نتایج نشان دهنده برتری معنی دار کود آلی نسبت به شاهد و شیمیایی در بسیاری از صفات اندازه گیری شده بود. گیاهان تحت تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد برگ، عملکرد تر و خشک اندامهای هوایی بیشتری در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها برخوردار بودند. از لحاظ درصد اسانس برگ تفاوت معنیداری بین تیمارها ملاحظه نشد. تیمار کود گاوی از لحاظ عملکرد اسانس برگ دارای بیشترین مقدار بود. در بین چین‌ها، بیشترین عملکرد برگ و عملکرد تر و خشک اندامهای هوایی در چین سوم مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار درصد اسانس برگ در چین اول و بیشترین عملکرد اسانس برگ در چین سوم که دارای بیشترین عملکرد برگ، بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که کود شیمیایی از نظر تأثیر بر تمام صفات اندازه‌گیری شده، به جز شاخص سطح سبز و وزن تر وخشک برگ در بوته، تفاوت معنی‌داری با شاهد نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نظام کم نهاده؛ کود گاوی؛ کود گوسفندی؛ گیاه دارویی؛ ورمی‌کمپوست

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