پیامدهای حاصل از مدیریت متفاوت پسماند گیاه جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) بر شاخص های کربن زیست توده میکروبی، کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل در خاک

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 1، دوره 2، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 5، مهر 1389، صفحه 372-382   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v2i3.7651

نویسندگان

مریم السادات حسینی^* ؛ غلامحسین حق نیا؛ امیر لکزیان؛ حجت امامی

گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

ریزجانداران خاک از عوامل مهم چرخه عناصر غذایی و جریان انرژی در خاک اند که تا اندازه زیادی نسبت به تغییر های محیط حساس می باشند. بنابراین از زیست توده میکروبی خاک می توان به عنوان شاخصی برای بررسی اثرات تنش ها بر خاک و ریزجانداران استفاده کرد. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی تأثیر مدیریت مقدار پسماند گیاه جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)، سوزاندن آن، کود نیتروژن و خاک ورزی بر کربن زیست توده میکروبی و وضعیت کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل در یک دوره 90 روزه بوده است. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل دو سطح کاه و کلش جو (3 و 6 تن در هکتار)، دو سطح سوزاندن (نسوزاندن و سوزاندن)، دو سطح کود اوره (صفر و 125 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و دو سطح خاک ورزی (بدون خاک ورزی و با خاک ورزی) بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد افزودن مقدار 6 تن در هکتار پسماند جو مقادیر کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل و کربن زیست توده میکروبی را نسبت به تیمار 3 تن در هکتار به طور معنی داری افزایش داد. در حالی که سوزاندن کاه و کلش به کاهش معنی دار همه پارامترها منجر گردید. انجام خاک ورزی نیز موجب کاهش معنی دار کربن آلی و کربن زیست توده میکروبی شد اما بر نیتروژن کل خاک بی تأثیر بود. کود نیتروژن بر کربن زیست توده میکروبی هیچ تأثیری نداشت، در حالی که کاربرد اوره بر کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل خاک تأثیر مثبت و افزایشی داشت. این مطالعه نشان داد که شیوه بدون خاک ورزی و همراه با حفظ پسماند گیاهی در سطح 6 تن در هکتار و روش بدون سوزاندن مؤثرترین نوع مدیریت در حفظ و افزایش مقادیر کربن آلی خاک، کربن زیست توده میکروبی و نیتروژن کل بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سوزاندن؛ خاک ورزی؛ کود اوره؛ ریزجانداران خاک

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