اندیشه‌های فردوسی و نظریه‌های روابط بین‌الملل واقع‌گرایی یا آرمان‌گرایی؟

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

مقاله 1، دوره 7، شماره 2، دی 1398، صفحه 1-36   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jipr.v7i2.71755

نویسندگان

علی باقری دولت آبادی^* ؛ جعفر حنانی

دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

شاهنامه فردوسی یکی از گنجینه‌های ادب فارسی است که آن را چونان سندی که در بردارنده هویت باستانی و اصیل ایرانی باشد، دانسته‌اند. این اثر عموماً از زاویه ادبی و تاریخی مورد توجه واقع شده و کمتر به انعکاس مفاهیم و پدیده‌های سیاسی در آن توجه شده است. سؤال اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که نگاه فردوسی در شاهنامه به پدیده‌های سیاسی و جهان پیرامون خود به کدام‌یک از رویکردهای نظری در روابط بین­الملل نزدیک‌تر است؟ فردوسی را باید یک واقع‌گرای سیاسی بخوانیم یا یک آرمان‌گرا؟ برای این منظور از روش تطبیقی استفاده شده و تلاش گردیده است تا با استخراج مهم‌ترین شاخصه‌های دو نظریه فوق، ارزیابی از اندیشه‌های فردوسی حاصل شود. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد درحالی‌که فردوسی به لحاظ مباحث فرانظری به دیدگاه‌های سازه‌انگارانه نزدیک است، اما در مباحث نظری او را باید یک واقع‌گرا خواند. این نکته به‌ویژه در تفسیرهایی که از سرشت انسان، جنگ، قدرت و امنیت به دست می‌دهد بیش از هر چیز نمایان است. با این توضیح که واقع‌گرایی او از جنس هابز و والتز نیست و به‌نوعی به وجهی جدید با نام «واقع‌گرایی آرمان‌خواهانه» نزدیک می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاهنامه؛ فردوسی؛ واقعگرایی؛ آرمانگرایی؛ جنگ؛ صلح؛ قدرت

مراجع

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