اثربخشی شن بازی درمانی بر کاهش اختلالات رفتاری کودکان پیش دبستانی

پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره

مقاله 6، دوره 5، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 9، تیر 1394، صفحه 154-174   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijap.v5i1.29929

نویسندگان

سمیه کهریزی^* ؛ آسیه مرادی؛ خدامراد مومنی

دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی شن بازی درمانی بر کاهش اختلالات رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال رفتاری انجام شد. این پژوهش از نوع پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه کنترل و روش آماری تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیره بود. جامعه آماری شامل کودکان 7-5 ساله دارای اختلال رفتاری بود که در سال 92-91 در مراکز مهد کودک شهر کرمانشاه، قرار داشتند. روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده بود. ابتدا از بین مناطق سه گانه شهر کرمانشاه، شش مهد کودک(از هر منطقه دو مهد کودک) به تصادف انتخاب شد. 54 کودک دارای اختلال رفتاری شناسی شدند. سپس بر اساس نقطه برش پرسشنامه و شرایط ورود و خروج از مطالعه، 30 کودک( 10 دختر و 20 پسر) به عنوان گروه نمونه انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در گروه آزمایش 15 نفر و کنترل 15 نفر قرار گرفتند. کودکانی که در گروه آزمایشی قرار داشتند به مدت ده جلسه هفتگی (45 دقیقه در هفته) در فعالیت شن بازی به صورت انفرادی شرکت داده شدند در حالی که گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله ای دریافت نکردند. برای سنجش اختلال رفتاری و مؤلفه های آن از پرسشنامه اختلال رفتاری راتر فرم معلم(1967) استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس نشان دادند که مداخله شن بازی درمانی، به کاهش مؤلفه های پرخاشگری/بیش فعالی، اضطراب/افسردگی، ناسازگاری و کمبود توجه در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال رفتاری منجر می شود. اما بر اختلال سلوک اثر معنی دار ندارد. چنین دستاوردی در پیگیری یک ماه حفظ شد. می توان نتیجه گرفت مداخله شن بازی در کاهش اختلال رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال رفتاری نقش مژثری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کودکان؛ اختلال رفتاری؛ شن بازی

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