ارزیابی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی متانول بر برخی شاخص‌های مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی عدس (Lens culinaris Medik) تحت شرایط تنش کم‌آبی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 14، دوره 7، شماره 2، دی 1395، صفحه 202-214   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v7i2.47507

نویسندگان

راهله احمدپور^{* 1}؛ نظام آرمند²؛ سعید رضا حسین زاده¹؛ مهدی رژه³

¹دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء

²انشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء

³دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیا

چکیده

متانول نقش مؤثری در کاهش اثرات منفی تنش کم‌آبی در گیاهان سه‌کربنه دارد. در این راستا مطالعه‌ای با هدف اثر محلول‌پاشی متانول بر شاخص‌های مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشمیایی گیاه عدس (رقم گچساران) به‌منظور بهبود اثرات تنش کم‌آبی در دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء بهبهان در سال 1393 انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه‌تکرار در شرایط گلخانه‌ای انجام شد. دو عامل مورد آزمایش عبارت بودند از: تنش کم‌آبی شامل تنش شدید (25‌درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، تنش ملایم (50‌درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و بدون تنش (100‌درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و محلول‌پاشی متانول با چهار سطح، شاهد، 20، 25 و 30‌درصد حجمی. محلول‌پاشی متانول سه‌بار طی فصل رشد گیاه (گیاهچه‌ای، گلدهی و غلاف‌دهی) و با فواصل 10‌روز صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان‌داد که استفاده از متانول در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش ملایم منجر‌ به افزایش معنی‌دار صفات مورفولوژیکی شد. تحت شرایط تنش کم‌آبی شدید، متانول فقط در افزایش معنی‌دار ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و سطح برگ نقش داشت. بررسی صفات فیزیولوژیکی نشان‌داد که متانول بر غلظت عناصر برگی (سدیم، پتاسیم و کلسیم) تأثیر معنی‌‌داری نداشت، اما در تمامی سطوح تنش کم‌آبی منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار محتوای نسبی آب و پایداری غشای سلول شد. در مورد صفات بیوشیمیایی، نتایج نشان‌داد که کاربرد متانول تأثیر معنی‌‌داری بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت برگی نداشت، اما تحت شرایط تنش ملایم و شدید، محتوای پروتئین و پرولین را افزایش داد. با توجه به‌ نتایج این مطالعه، استفاده از متانول به‌صورت محلول پاشی برگی در جهت کاهش اثرات منفی تنش کمبود آب در گیاه عدس توصیه می‌شود.

واژه‌های کلیدی: تنش خشکی، حبوبات، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانتی، صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنش خشکی؛ حبوبات؛ فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانتی؛ صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی

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