اثر محلول‌پاشی اسید آسکوربیک و اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم نخود زراعی (Cicer arietinum L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 9، شماره 1، خرداد 1397، صفحه 99-117   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v9i1.56269

نویسندگان

سیامک فرجام^{* 1، 2}؛ عادل سی وسه مرده³؛ حمداله کاظمی اربط⁴؛ مهرداد یارنیا⁴؛ اسعد رخزادی⁵

¹مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کردستان، ایران

²دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌تبریز، ایران

³گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، ایران

⁴گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد تبریز، ایران

⁵گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد سنندج، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی اسید آسکوربیک و اسید سالیسیلیک بر صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیک دو رقم نخود به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در بهار و تابستان سال1390 در منطقه سنندج بررسی شد. تنش خشکی در چهار سطح شامل شاهد (آبیاری کامل)، تنش در مرحله رویشی (از ابتدای شاخه‌دهی تا گلدهی)، تنش در مرحله زایشی (از گلدهی تا رسیدگی) و تنش در هر دو مرحله رویشی و زایشی بود. ارقام نخود شامل ILC482 و محلی کردستان به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی اول و ترکیبات تنظیم‌کننده رشد شامل اسید آسکوربیک، اسید سالیسیلیک و آب معمولی (شاهد) به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی دوم درنظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی سبب کاهش عملکرد دانه، وزن خشک بوته، وزن100دانه، محتوی نسبی آب برگ، پروتئین محلول برگ، کلروفیل a و b، کاروتنوئیدها وکلروفیل کل گردید. رقم ILC482 از محتوای نسبی آب برگ بیشتر و رقم کردستان از وزن100دانه بالاتری برخوردار بود. اسید آسکوربیک سبب افزایش وزن خشک بوته، کلروفیل a، کارتنوئیدها و کلروفیل کل گردید. کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک سبب افزایش کلروفیل b و پروتئین محلول برگ در شرایط تنش کامل گردید. وزن خشک بوته و محتوی نسبی آب برگ تحت تأثیر مواد تنظیم‌کننده رشد قرار نگرفتند. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق رقم ILC482 از لحاظ عملکرد دانه نسبت به رقم کردستان برتری داشت و تحمل بیشتری به تنش خشکی نشان داد. اسید آسکوربیک در افزایش عملکرد دانه، وزن خشک بوته، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی وحفظ محتوای آب برگ، نقش بیشتری را در آزمایش داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین؛ عملکرد دانه؛ کارتنوئیدها؛ کلروفیل؛ مواد تنظیم‌کننده رشد؛ نخود

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