اثر سَرزنی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و صفات مؤثر بر پُرشدن دانه ارقام باقلا (Vicia faba L.)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 9، دوره 9، شماره 1، خرداد 1397، صفحه 129-141   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v9i1.57934

نویسندگان

عارفه علی پور قاسم آباد سفلی؛ علی راحمی کاریزکی^* ؛ علی نخ زری مقدم؛ عباس بیابانی؛ مهدی تراشی^*

گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور تعیین اثر سَرزنی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، سرعت پُرشدن دانه، دوره پُرشدن دانه و کلروفیل برگ پنج رقم باقلا آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس در سال زراعی 1394-1393 اجرا شد. عامل اول ارقام باقلا با پنج سطح (زهره، شامی، شش‌بند، سرازیری و برکت) و عامل دوم با دو سطح سَرزنی و عدم سَرزنی بود. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که سَرزنی فقط بر طول غلاف، وزن100دانه و ارتفاع بوته تأثیر گذاشت و بر سایر صفات اثر معنی‌داری نداشت. عامل رقم بر مؤلفه‌های عملکرد (تعداد شاخه در بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، طول غلاف، وزن100دانه، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت)، سرعت و دوره پُرشدن دانه اثر معنی‌دار داشت. درحالی‌که اثر متقابل رقم در سَرزنی تنها روی ارتفاع بوته معنی‌دار شد. سَرزنی باعث کاهش طول غلاف و افزایش وزن100دانه شد. حداکثر وزن100دانه و عملکرد دانه به رقم سرازیری به‌ترتیب با 23/83 گرم و2/262گرم در متر مربع تعلق داشت. درحالی‌که رقم شامی‌با 74/63 گرم و 180گرم در مترمربع به‌ترتیب از کمترین وزن100دانه و عملکرد دانه برخوردار بود. بالاترین و پایین‌ترین شاخص برداشت به‌ترتیب در رقم سرازیری با 32/32درصد و در رقم شامی‌با 54/24درصد مشاهده شد. در مجموع با توجه به شرایط گنبد کاووس رقم سرازیری، زهره و برکت نسبت به دو رقم دیگر، شامی‌و شش‌بند مطلوب‌تر هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

باقلا؛ دوره پُرشدن دانه؛ سَرزنی؛ سرعت پُرشدن دانه؛ کلروفیل

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