ارزیابی صفات کیفی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) تحت‌ تأثیر کاربرد ازتوباکتر و همزیستی میکوریزایی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 13، دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 20، تیر 1393، صفحه 324-338   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v6i2.39372

نویسندگان

آرزو امیدی^{* 1}؛ محمد میرزاخانی^{* 2}؛ محمد رضا اردکانی^{* 3}

¹دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی، واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

²گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فراهان، فراهان، ایران

³گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر به منظور ارزیابی صفات کیفی گلرنگ تحت‌ تأثیر کاربرد ازتوباکتر و همزیستی میکوریزایی (همزیستی ریشه گیاه میزبان با قارچ گلوموس)، به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک در سال زراعی 91-1390 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل تلقیح با ازتوباکتر در سه سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با ازتوباکتر سویه 5 و تلقیح با ازتوباکتر سویه 12) و قارچ‌ گلوموس در چهار سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با Glomus intraradices، تلقیح با G. mosseae و تلقیح با مخلوط intraradices .G و G. mosseae) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل ازتوباکتر و قارچ‌ گلوموس (کاربرد توأم دو ترکیب) بیشترین تأثیر افزایشی را روی صفات درصد فسفر دانه، وابستگی میکوریزایی و درصد نیتروژن دانه در گلرنگ نشان داد. بیشترین فسفر دانه (58/0 درصد) در تیمار تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 5 و تلقیح با مخلوط G. intraradices و G. mosseae (A1M3) و کمترین آن (37/0 درصد) در تیمار تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 5 و تلقیح با G. mosseae (A1M2) دیده شد. بالاترین (14/3 درصد) و پایینترین (46/2 درصد) نیتروژن دانه نیز به ترتیب در تیمارهای تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 12 و تلقیح با مخلوط G. intraradices و G. mosseae (A2M3) و عدم تلقیح با ازتوباکتر و تلقیح با G. intraradices (A0M1) به دست آمد. اثر اصلی ازتوباکتر و قارچ‌ گلوموس ‌بر صفات درصد روغن دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، درصد فسفر دانه، درصد کلونیزاسیون ریشه و وابستگی میکوریزایی در گلرنگ تأثیر معنی‌دار داشت. بیشترین درصد روغن دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، درصد فسفر دانه، درصد کلونیزاسیون ریشه و وابستگی میکوریزایی در تیمار تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 12 نسبت به عدم تلقیح آن به دست آمد. لذا با توجه به اثرات مثبت کاربرد میکروار‌گانیسم‌ها می‌توان باکتری ازتوباکتر به تنهایی یا به همراه قارچ‌ گلوموس و به همراه مصرف 50 کیلوگرم از منبع اوره را توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تلقیح با قارچ‌ گلوموس؛ روغن؛ فسفر دانه؛ کلونیزاسیون ریشه؛ محتوی آب نسبی برگ

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