درجه ریسک گریزی مطلق کشاورزان و تعیین عوامل مؤثر بر آن در گهرباران ساری

مجله اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 29، شماره 4، دی 1394، صفحه 401-410   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead2.v29i4.47543

نویسندگان

طاهره رنجبر؛ سید علی حسینی یکانی^* ؛ سید مجتبی مجاوریان

دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت درجه ریسک گریزی کشاورزان در تدوین سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌ریزی بخش کشاورزی و همچنین عامل مهم و مؤثر بر فرآیند تصمیم گیری توسط کشاورزان، استفاده از روش های برنامه ریزی ریاضی و اقتصادسنجی جهت بررسی و تعیین سطح ریسک گریزی کشاورزان توصیه شده است. در این مطالعه، با استفاده از روش استخراج مستقیم تابع مطلوبیت و نظریه مطلوبیت انتظاری درجه ریسک گریزی مطلق کشاورزان در گهرباران ساری تعیین گردید. سپس رابطه درجه ریسک گریزی کشاورزان و خصوصیات اقتصادی-اجتماعی آنان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. داده های مورد نیاز مطالعه از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه حضوری با 169 کشاورز منطقه مورد مطالعه در سال 1393 جمع آوری گردید. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که اکثر کشاورزان در طبقه ریسک گریز متوسط جای می گیرند و از میان خصوصیات اقتصادی- اجتماعی کشاورزان نظیر سن، تحصیلات، مساحت زمین، تعداد اعضای خانواده و تجربه کشاورزی، چهار متغیر سن، مساحت زمین، تعداد اعضای خانواده و تجربه کشاورزی اثر معنی داری بر روی درجه ریسک گریزی کشاورزان داشته که سن رابطه مثبت و متغیرهای تجربه کشاورزی، تعداد اعضای خانواده و مساحت زمین رابطه منفی با درجه ریسک گریزی مطلق کشاورزان داشته اند. با توجه به نتایج مطالعه، اقداماتی مانند یکپارچه سازی اراضی و برگزاری کلاس های ترویجی و آموزشی می تواند بر کاهش درجه ریسک گریزی در این منطقه مؤثر واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استخراج مستقیم تابع مطلوبیت؛ خصوصیات اقتصادی-اجتماعی؛ گرایش به ریسک؛ کشاورزان دشت ناز ساری

مراجع

1- Akbari A., Shahikitash M.N., and Yazdani, F. 2014. Identify risk factors affecting the production of pistachio in Sirjan, Journal of Agricultural Economics Researches, 23: 175-190. (in Persian)

2- Anderson J.R., and Dillon J.L. 1992. Risk analysis in dry land farming systems, FAO, Farm System Management, Series2, Rome.

3- Arrow K.J. 1965. Aspects of the theory of risk-bearing. Academic Publishers, Helsinki.

4- Baradarannasiri M., Samadi M., and Mirbagheri V. 2010. Scenarios to achieve the objectives of the agricultural sector in the Fifth Development Plan, Infrastructure Studies (Department of Agriculture), Majlis Research Center. (in Persian)

5- Barry P.J. 1984. Risk management in agriculture, Iowa State University Press.

6- Berbel J. 1993. Risk programming in agricultural systems: A multicriteria analysis, Agricultural System, 41: 275-288.

7- Bond G. and Wonder B. 1980. Risk attitudes amongst Australian farmers, Australian Journal Agricultural Economic, 24:16-34

8- Carriker G.L. 1991. Yield and income risk reduction under alternative crop insurance and disaster assistance design, Western Journal of Agricultural Economics, 16: 238-250.

9- Cohon J.L. 1979. Generating multiobjective trade-offs: An algorithm for bicriteria problems, Water Reseach, 15:1001-1010.

10- Dillon J.L., and Scandizzo P.L. 1978. Risk attitudes of subsistence farmers in northeast Brazil: A sampling approach, American Journal Agricultural Economics, 60: 425-35.

11- Dillin Y.L. and Hardaker J.B. 1986. Farm management research for small farms development, FAO Rome.

12- Ehsan A.A.R., Tehrani R., and Islami Bigdeli GH.R. 2008. The investigation of risk aversion coefficient and the variance production in risk management, case study: tomato producers in Dezfool, Agricultural Economics and Development, 61: 17-35. (in Persian)

13- Faraji Y. 1999. Microeconomic theory, Commercial publishing companies affiliated with the Institute of Human Studies and Research. (in Persian)

14- Ferdowsi R., and Kopahi M. 2005. Measuring attitude of wheat farmers toward risk, a case study: Golestan Province, Agricultural Economics and Development, 52:27-43. (in Persian)

15- Ferguson CH. 1975. Microeconomic theory, Publishing Center of Tehran University.

16- Fleisher B. 1990. Agricultural Risk Management, Pergamon Press. Oxford.

17- Golkaranmoghadam S. 2014. Production risk and risk trends saffron workers of Torbat Heidarie with an emphasis on poverty, Journal of Agriculture Economics and Development, 87: 1-21. (in Persian)

18- Gorbani M., and Jafari F. 2009. Investigating the factors affecting crop risk frequency of farmers in in North Khorasan Province, Journal of Economics and Agricultural Development, 23: 41-48. (in Persian with English abstract)

19- Hardaker J.B., Pandey S., and Patten L.H. 1991. Farm planning under uncertainty, Revolution of Market and Aricultural Eonomic, 59: 9-22.

20- Hardaker J.B., Hurine R.B.M., Anderson J.R., and Lien G. 2004. Coping with risk in agriculture, Second Edition. Washington, CABI Publishing.

21- Hassanpour B., and Torkamani J. 2000. Determining the technical efficiency of fig producers in Fars province, Application of transcendental stochastic frontier production functions, Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 30: 171-198. (in Persian)

22- Jafarzade A. 1999. The importance of agricultural insurance in the normal compensation, Journal of the insurance industry, 55: 142-160. (in Persian)

23- Just R.E., and Pope R.D. 1978. Stochastic specification of production function and economic implications, Journal of Econometrics, 1:67-86.

24- Just R.E. and Pope R.D. 1979. Production function estimation and related risk considerations, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 61: 276-284.

25- Karbasi A., and Salarpour M. 2003. Modeling and measuring the economic efficiency under risk: a case study of maiz producers in Fars, Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 10: 47-66. (in Persian)

26- Kehkha A., Soltani GH.R. 2001. Determining the degree of farmers risk aversion in Fars province, The first conference Agricultural Economics Iran, Zabol. (in Persian)

27- Kumar J.B. 1995. Trade-off between return and risk in farm planning: MOTAD and target MOTAD approach, Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 50:193-199.

28- Misra K.S, Spurlock S.R. 1991. Incorporating the impacts of uncertain fieldwork time on whole, Farm risk – return Levels: A TARGET-MOTAD Approach Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics, 23:9-18.

29- Moazeni S., Tahamipour M., and Karbasi A.R. 2007. Studying economic-social factors effects on farmers risk aversions in usage of pesticides: A case study, Varamin region farmers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 1: 3-10. (in Persian with English abstract)

30- Mortazavi S.A., Ghorbani M., Borujeni P., and Alipour A. 2012. Factors affecting the pomegranate's production risk with emphasizing on poverty: As a case study, Villages of Shahreza Central Region, Journal of Agricultural Economics Researches, 3: 21-37. (in Persian with English abstract)

31- Moscardi E., and Dejanvry A. 1977. Attitudes toward risk among peasants: An econometric approach, American Journal Agricultural Economics, 59: 16-710.

32- Nikouei A.R., and Torkamani J. 2001. Policy with take on the tendency of farmers to risk and inputs, Agricultural Knowledge, 11: 23-39.

33- Nourisaeid M. 1999. Insurance and its role in economic development, The second Conference officials and experts in agricultural insurance, Tehran, Publications Agricultural Insurance Fund. (in Persian)

34- Oglethorpe O.R. 1995. Sensitivity of farm plans under risk averse behaviour: A note on the environment implications, Journal Agricultural Economic, 2: 167-178.

35- Parikh A., and Bernard A. 1988. Impact of risk on HYV adoption in Bangladesh, Agricultural Economics, 2: 167-178.

36- Paris Q. 1979. Revenue and cost uncertainty, generalized mean-variance, and linear complementarity problem, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2: 268-275.

37- Praat J.W. 1964. Risk aversion in the small and in the large, Econometrics, 32:122-136.

38- Randhir O.T. 1991. Influence of risk on input use in south Indian tanked farms, Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 46:57-63.

39- Roslan N.A., Abdullah A.M., Ismail M. M., and Radam A. 2012. Influence of socio-economic factors on farmers behaviours toward risks, UMT 11th International Annual Symposium on Sustainability Science and Management, Terengganu, Malaysia.

40- Sulewski O., and Kloczko-Gajewska A. 2014. Farmers' risk perception, risk aversion and strategies to cope with production risk: An empirical study from Poland. Studies in Agricultural Economics, 116: 140-147.

41- Torkamani J. 1996. Using mathematical programming with risk in determining the efficiency of farmers, Journal of Agricultural Sciences Iran, 27: 95-103. (in Persian)

42- Torkamani J. 2000. Measuring and assessing main method determining toward risk's farmer, A case study of Units dairy farmers, Scientific and Research Quartery Journal of Agriculture Economics and Development, 31: 31-55. (in Persian)

43- Torkamani J. 2005. Using a whole-farm modelling approach to assess prospective technologies under uncertainty, Agricultural System, 85: 138-154.

44- Voget S. and Kolonko M. 2002. Multidimensional optimization with a multi-objective algorithm, Journal Heuristics, 14: 221-244.

45- Willis J. 1990. Explorationsin microeconomics, CAT publishing.

46- Yaghoubi A.H., Chizari M., and Feli S. 2007. Agricultural crop insurance: a proper technigu for risk management, 6th Conference of Agricultural Economics Iran, 1-14. (in Persian with English abstract)

47- Yazdani S., and Feizabadi Y. 2004. Determining the degree of risk aversion in poultry industry and the factors affecting on risk aversion: a case study of Sabzevar in Khorasan, Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 15-24. (in Persian with English abstract)

48- Yazdani S., and Sasooli M. 2008. Studying the effects of inputs on production risk of rice in shaft city in Gillan province, Journal of Economic and Agriculture, 1: 35-46. (in Persian)

49- Yeh C.H. and Labadie J.W. 2003. Multi-objective planning for agricultural decision: An application, Journal of Agricultural Planning and Management, 23: 336-343.

50- Zimet D.J, and Spreen T.A. 1986. A target MOTAD analysis of a crop and livestock farm in Jefferson County, Florida. Journal of Agricultural Economics, (18): 86-175.