اثر تلقیح با باکتری‌های محرک رشد، مایکوریزا و مقادیر فسفر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش (Vigna radiata L.)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 11، دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 21، خرداد 1399، صفحه 134-151   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v11i1.73888

نویسندگان

فهیمه رضاپوریان قهفرخی^* ؛ سرالله گالشی؛ ابراهیم زینلی؛ بنیامین ترابی

گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

ﺑﻪ‌ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ باکتری‌های محرک رشد، مایکوریزا و مقادیر مختلف فسفر کودی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش (Vigna radiata L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان در دو سال زراعی 95-1396 و 96-1397 انجام شد. فاکتور‌های آزمایش شامل کود فسفره در سه سطح (عدم مصرف، 150‌کیلو‌گرم و ۲۲۵‌کیلو‌گرم در هکتار) و ترکیب‌های مختلف باکتری‌های محرک رشد و قارچ مایکوریزا در هشت سطح (شاهد، باکتری آزوسپیریلوم لیپوفرم، باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس، قارچ گلوموس موسه­آ، ترکیب آزوسپریلیوم و سودوموناس، آزوسپریلیوم و قارچ، سودوموناس و قارچ و ترکیب هر سه فاکتور) بودند. ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ در ﻣﻮرد اﺛﺮ سال، کود فسفر و کود زیستی نشان‌دهندة تأثیر معنی‌دار روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، ارتفاع گیاه، طول غلاف و پروتئین دانه بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها در سال اول نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه (226‌گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار تلقیح با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم و قارچ مایکوریزا در سطح مصرف 225‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر به‌دست آمد که نسبت به شاهد 6/29‌درصد افزایش داشت. در سال دوم آزمایش نیز بیشترین عملکرد دانه (216‌گرم در مترمربع) با افزایش7/38‌درصد نسبت به شاهد در تیمار تلقیح با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم و سودوموناس و قارچ مایکوریزا در سطح مصرف 225‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر به‌دست آمد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین وزن1000دانه (91/52‌گرم) و بیشترین تعداد دانه (52/8عدد در غلاف) در تیمار ۲۲۵‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر به‌دست آمد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮐﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن‌دﻫﻨﺪة مفید‌بودن باکتری آزوسپیریلوم و قارچ مایکوریزا در زراﻋﺖ ﻣﺎش جهت کاهش استفاده از کود شیمیایی فسفر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزوسپیریلوم لیپوفرم؛ حبوبات؛ سودوموناس فلورسنس؛ گلوموس موسه

مراجع

1. Abbasi, N.A., Jalilian, J., and Zare, M.J. 2016. Evaluation of bacterial efficacy in separate inoculation and in combination with Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing bacteria on reducing the effect of salinity stress in mungbean. (Vigna radiata L.). Journal of Environmental Plant Physiology 41: 26-40. (In Persian).

2. Aboutalebian, M.A., and Elahi, M. 2015. Replacement of phosphate fertilizer application by bio-fertilizers in chickpea production under on-farm seed priming conditions. Iranian Journal of Filed Crop Science 46(3): 381-394. (In Persian with English Summary).

3. Alami-Milani, M., Amini, R., and Bandehagh, A. 2014. Effect of bio-fertilizers and combination with chemical fertilizers on grain yield and yield components of pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Special Issue of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production p. 15-29. (In Persian with English Summary).

4. Amanullah, A., Aziz, K., Saifullah, K., Munir A., and Jahangir, K. 2012. Biofertilizer a possible substitute of fertilizers in production of wheat varietyzaardan in balochiistan substitute in balochistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 25(1): 44-49.

5. Baloch, A.F., Larik, K.A., and Jamro, G.H. 2006. Response of three mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) varieties to N and P fertilizer levels. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture 22: 1058-1062.

6. Belachew, T., and Abera, Y. 2011. Effect of green manuring in combination with nitrogen on soil fertility and yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) under double cropping system of Sinanadinsho, Southeast Ethiopia. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 1(1): 1-11.

7. Bhattarai, N., Baral, B., Shrestha, G., and Yami, K.D. 2011. Effect of mycorrhiza and rhizobium on Phaseolus vulgaris L. Scientific World 9( 9).

8. Bona, E., Lingua, G., Manassero, P., Cantamessa, S., Marsano, F., Todeschini, V., Copetta, A.D., Agostino, G., Massa, N., Avidano, L., Gamalero, E., and Berta, G. 2015. AM fungi and PGP Pseudomonads increase flowering, fruit production, and vitamin content in strawberry grown at low nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Mycorrhiza 25: 181-193.

9. Carvalho, M.C.S., Nascente1, A.S., Ferreira, G.B., Mutadiua, C.A.P., and Denardin, J.E. 2018. Phosphorus and potassium fertilization increase common bean grain yield in Mozambique. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental 22(5): 308-314.

10. Creus, C., Pereyra, M., Casanovas, E., Sueldo, R., and Barassi, C. 2010. Plant Growth-Promoting effect of Rhizobacteria on abiotic stressed plants. Azospirillum-grasses model. The Americas Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology 4(1): 49-59.

11. Elias, F., Muleta, D., and Woyessa, D. 2016. Effects of phosphate solubilizing fungi on growth and yield of Haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants. Journal of Agricultural Science 8(10): 204-218.

12. Fanay, H.R., Pieri, A., and Narouy Rad, M.R. 2013. The effect of different amounts of phosphorus fertilizer on grain yield and some agronomic characteristics of oil Hindi mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under drought stress. Journal of Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 6(2): 147-157. (In Persian).

13. Farzana, Y., and Radizah, O. 2005. Influence of Rhizo bacterial inoculation on growth of the sweet potato cultivar. Journal of Biological Sciences 1(3): 176-179.

14. Gangwar, R.K., Bhushan, G., Singh, J., Upadhyay, S.K., and Singh, A.P. 2013 Combined effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and fungi on mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 4: 4422-4426.

15. Ghasemi, S., Siavoshi, K., Choukan, R., and Khavazi, K. 2011. Effect of biofertilizer phosphate on grain yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.) cv. KSC704 under water deficit stress conditions. Seed Plant Prod Journal 27-2(2): 219-233.

16. Gupta, G., Parihar, S. S., Ahirwar, N.K., Snehi, S.K., and Singh, V. 2015. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): current and future prospects for development of sustainable agriculture. Microbial & Biochemical Technology 7: 096-102.

17. Habibzadeh, Y., Mamaghani, A.R., and Kashani, A. 2007. Effects of different densities on grain yield and yield components and protein in three cultivars of Mung bean (Vigna radianta L.) in Ahvaz region. Agricultural Scientific Journal 30(3): 1-13.(In Persian).

18. Kamboj, N., and Malik, R.S. 2018. Influence of phosphorus and boron application on yield, quality, nutrientn content and their uptake by Green Gram (Vigna radiate L.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7(3): 1451-1458.

19. Kanwal, S., Bano, A., and Malik, R. 2015. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on wheat growth, physiology, nutrition and cadmium uptake under increasing cadmium stress. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 7(5): 30-42.

20. Karimi, K., Bolandnazar, S., and Ashoori, S. 2013. Effect of bio-fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on yield, growth characteristics and quality of Green Bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production 23(3): 157-167. (In Persian with English Summary).

21. Kaur, N., Sharma, P., and Sharma, S. 2015. Co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. as bio-enhancer and bio-fertilizer in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Legume Research 38: 367-74.

22. Khajeh, M., Gholipour, S., Amiri, A., Yadollahi Dehcheshmeh, P., Mighani, H., and BarajeFard, M. 2016. The impact of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers on quality of mung been Gohar variety. Journal of Agricultural Research 8(1): 1-14. (In Persian with English Summary).

23. Moustaine, M., Elkahkahi, R., Benbouazza, A., Benkirane, R., and Achbani, E.H. 2017. Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterial (PGPR) inoculation on growth in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and characterization for direct PGP abilities in Morocco. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 2(2): 590-596.

24. Mrkovacki, N., and Milic, V. 2001. Use of Azotobacter chroococcum as potential useful in agricultural application. Annals of Microbiology 51: 145-158.

25. Naidu, N., Grosoiah, V., Satyanarayna, A., and Raja Rajeswari, V. 1993. Variation in developmental and morpho-physiological traits under different environments and their relation to grain yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 63(8): 473-478.

26. Nasrollahzadeh Asl, A. 2017. Effects of nitrogen and phosphate biofertilizers on morphological and agronomic characteristicsof Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Open Journal of Ecology 7: 101-111.

27. Noonari, S.H., Kalhoro, S.H., Mahar, A.A., Raza, S., Ahmed, M., Shah, S.F.A., and Baloch, S.U. 2016. Effect of different levels of phosphorus and method of application on the growth and yield of wheat. Natural Science 8: 305-314.

28. Parsa Motlagh, B., Mahmoudi, S., Sayari Zahan, M.H., and Taghizadeh, M. 2011. Effect of mycorrhiza and P fertilizer on the concentration of photosynthetic pigments and nutrients of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under salinity stress conditions. Journal of Agroecology 3(2): 233-244. (In Persian).

29. Rahimi, M.M., and Hashemi, A.R. 2015. Yield and yield components of Vetch (Vigna radiata) as affected by the use of vermicompost and phosphate bio-fertilizer. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology 10(2): 529-540. (In Persian with English Summary).

30. Rajabzadeh Motlagh, F. 2011. Evaluation application of arbuscular mycorrhiza, nitrogen fixing bacteria and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield component of Phaseolus vulgaris. MSc. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran.

31. Rostamikia, Y., Tabari Kouchaksaraei, M., Asgharzadeh, A., and Rahmani, A. 2016. The effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria on growth and physiological characteristics of Corylus avellana seedlings. Ecopersia 4(3): 1471-1479.

32. Saxena, J., Saini, A., Kushwaha, K., and Arino, A. 2016. Synergistic effect of plant growth promoting bacterium Psedomonas flurescens and phosphate solubilizing fungus Aspergillus awamori for growth enhancement of chickpea. India Journal of Biocheistry and Biophysics 53: 135-143.

33. Seema, K., Mehta, K., and Singh, N. 2018. Studies on the effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth, physiological parameters, yield and fruit quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(2): 383-387.

34. Singh, R., Singh, P., Singh, V., and Yadav, R.A. 2018. Effect of phosphorus and PSB on yield attributes, quality and economics of summer greengram (Vigna radiata L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(2): 404-408.

35. Singh, Z. 2016. Growth and yield of Desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in relation to phosphorus and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. MSc. Thesis in Agronomy. 81 p.

36. SoleimaniFard, A., Naseri Rad, H., Naseri, R., and Pieri, A .2013. Effect of growth promoting bacteria on phenology, yield and yield components of corn hybrids (Zea mays L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology 7(1): 71-90. (In Persian).

37. Srivastava, A.K., Singh, T., Jana, T.K., and Arora, D.K. 2011. Induced resistance and control of charcoal rot in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) by Pseudomonas fluorescence. Canadian Journal of Botany 7: 787-795.

38. Stefan, M., Munteanu, N., Stoleru, V., and Mihasan, M. 2013. Effects of inoculation with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on photosynthesis, antioxidant status and yield of runner bean. Romanian Biotechnological 18(2).

39. Suhag, M. 2016. Potential of biofertilizers to replace chemical fertilizers. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology 3(5): 163-167.

40. Suryantini. 2016. Effect of phosphorus, organic and biological fertilizer on yield of Mungbean (Vigna Radiata L.) under two cropping patterns. Nusantara Bioscience 8(2): 273-27.

41. Tohidinia, M.A., Mazaheri, D., Bagher-Hosseini, S.M., and Madani, H. 2014. Effect of biofertilizer Barvar-2 and chemical phosphorus fertilizer application on kernel yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays cv. SC704). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 15(4): 295-307. (In Persian with English Summary).

42. Wang, X., Pan, Q., Chen, F., Yan, X., and Liao, H. 2011. Effects of co-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia on soybean growth as related to root architecture and availability of N and P. Mycorrhiza. 21: 173-81.

43. Zhang, Sh., Wang, L., MA, F., and Zhang, X. 2015. Can arbuscular mycorrhiza and fertilizer management reduce phosphorus runoff from paddy fields? Journal of Environmental Sciences (33): 211-218.

44. Ziane, H., Hamza, A.M., Beddiar, A., and Gianinazzi, S. 2017. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fertilization levels on industrial tomato growth and production. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 19(2): 341-347