تبیین برنامه درسی تربیت دینی مبتنی بر رویکرد تکلیف‌گرا

پژوهش نامه مبانی تعلیم و تربیت

مقاله 4، دوره 6، شماره 2، اسفند 1395، صفحه 82-106   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/fedu.v6i2.60671

نویسندگان

زهرا وقاری زمهریر¹؛ مقصود امین خندقی^{* 1}؛ محمود سعیدی رضوانی¹؛ مرضیه موحدی محصل طوسی²

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه جامعه المصطفی

چکیده

هدف اصلی پژوهش تبیین عناصر برنامه درسی تربیت دینی و ویژگی‌های آن مبتنی بر رویکرد تکلیف‌گرا می‌باشد. برای دستیابی به این هدف از روش تحلیلی و استنتاجی الگوی فرانکنا بهره گرفته شد. بر پایه نتایج به‌دست آمده، تکلیف‌مداری به عنوان هدف غایی برنامه درسی تربیت دینی و توحیدمحوری، اخلاص، هدایت، اندیشه‌ورزی، عقل‌ورزی، کسب علم و معرفت، عدالت، توانایی انجام کار، آزادی و اختیار به عنوان هدف‌های واسطی از متون دینی و تربیتی اسلام استنتاج شدند. سپس، ویژگی‌های فرآیند یاددهی-یادگیری مربوط به هدف‌ها از متون معتبر اسلامی و تربیتی استنتاج شدند. این ویژگی‌ها شامل انگیزه درونی، پرورش حواس، پرورش اراده، توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی و ارائه الگو و نمونه عملی برای برنامه درسی تربیت دینی می‌باشند. هچنین، برای عنصر ارزشیابی در برنامه درسی تربیت دینی توصیه شد هویت تربیت جدی گرفته و به دلیل تفاوت در توان متربیان، اشکال و ابزار مختلفی برای سنجش عملکرد آنان استفاده شود. به‌کارگیری رویکرد تکلیف‌گرا در برنامه درسی تربیت دینی می‌تواند منجر به دادن امکان انتخاب آزادانه و آگاهانه به فرد و رهایی از جبر محیطی، توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی و ارائه تکلیف به قدر وسع، ارزیابی اعمال از درون به بیرون شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تربیت دینی؛ برنامه درسی تربیت دینی؛ تکلیف‌گرایی؛ نتیجه‌گرایی؛ حق

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