اثر تراکم بوته و میزان مصرف کود دامی بر شاخص های رشدی ارقام لوبیای قرمز (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) در شرایط آب و هوایی مشهد

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28، تیر 1395، صفحه 296-317   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v8i2.51297

نویسندگان

راحله احمدزاده قویدل؛ قربانعلی اسدی^* ؛ محمد تقی ناصری پور یزدی؛ رضا قربانی؛ سرور خرم دل

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی روند تغییرات شاخص های فیزیولوژیک رشدی ارقام لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) تحت تأثیر تراکم های مختلف بوته و مقادیر کود دامی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 36 تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 94-1393 انجام شد. فاکتور‏های مورد مطالعه شامل چهار رقم لوبیای قرمز (اختر، لاین 81083-D، ناز و گلی)، سه تراکم بوته (13/13، 20 و 40 بوته در مترمربع) و سه سطح کود گاوی کاملاً پوسیده (صفر، 15 و 30 تن در هکتار) بود. شاخص-های رشدی مورد بررسی شامل شاخص سطح برگ، میزان تجمع ماده خشک، سرعت رشد محصول و سرعت رشد نسبی ارقام لوبیا قرمز در سطوح مختلف تراکم و کود دامی بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تجمع ماده خشک با 4/315 گرم در مترمربع برای رقم گلی و کمترین مقدار آن با 5/214 گرم در مترمربع در رقم اختر مشاهده شد. بالاترین شاخص سطح برگ (59/2) با مصرف 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی در رقم گلی به دست آمد. در هر چهار رقم حداکثر سرعت رشد محصول در 42 روز پس از سبز شدن و در تراکم 40 بوته در مترمربع حاصل شد و با کاهش تراکم به 13/13 بوته در مترمربع سرعت رشد محصول 18 درصد کاهش یافت. همچنین در تراکم 40 بوته در مترمربع بالاترین سرعت رشد نسبی نیز مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سرعت رشد نسبی؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ شاخص فیزیولوژیک رشد؛ کود گاوی

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