مقایسه تأثیر استفاده از پودر کرم توبیفکس (Tubifex tubifex) پرورشی و تجاری در جیره غذایی بر شاخص‌های رشد و ایمنی ماهی آنجل (Pterophylum scalare) قبل و بعد از تنش هوا

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 34، تیر 1397، صفحه 297-310   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی- سایر

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v10i2.64868

نویسندگان

محسن برخوردار¹؛ رضا ولی زاده²؛ امید صفری³؛ محمدرضا احمدی⁴؛ عباسعلی ناصریان^{* 2}

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

³دانشگاه فردوسی

⁴دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

کرم توبیفکس (Tubifex tubifex) یکی از انواع غذاهای زنده در صنعت آبزی‌پروری است که با توجه به ارزش غذایی فراوان آن از لحاظ پروتئین، چربی خام، انواع اسیدهای آمینه و اسیدهای چرب ضروری(W6وW3) و استفاده این ماده غذایی در غذای ماهیان زینتی باعث بهینه‌سازی روند رشد، بازماندگی زیاد و بهبود سیستم ایمنی فراهم می‌شود.در این تحقیق اثر استفاده از پودر کرم توبیفکس پرورشی، توبیفکس تجاری و غذای پلت بر عملکرد رشد و شاخص‌های ایمنی ماهی آنجل در طول مدت 63 روز بررسی شد. ماهیان در سه تیمار و سه تکرار با تراکم 15 قطعه در9 آکواریوم 20 لیتری با متوسط وزن اولیه بچه ماهیان به مقدار21/0±55/19 گرم ذخیره‌سازی و به‌صورت کاملاً تصادفی توزیع شدند. غذادهی به‌صورت روزانه در سه نوبت 7 صبح، 13 ظهر و 20 شب و به میزان 3 درصد وزن بدن انجام گرفت. نتایج درانتهای دوره پرورش نشان داد که تغذیه غذای حاوی پودر کرم توبیفکس پرورشی باعث رشد بیشتر (02/0±80/1درصد وزن بدن در روز) نسبت به غذای حاوی توبیفکس تجاری (31%+) و غذای حاوی پلت (27%+)شد(05/0>p). وزن نهایی ماهیان تغذیه شده با غذای حاوی پودر توبیفکس پرورشی به‌طور معنی‌داری به میزان 30 درصد و 26 درصد نسبت به ماهیان تغذیه شده با غذای حاوی توبیفکس تجاری و غذای حاوی پلت بیشتر بود.تغذیه غذای حاوی پودر توبیفکس پرورشی با ضریب تبدیل بهتر (03/0±44/1) و به‌ترتیب 11 درصد و 19 درصد نسبت به تغذیه غذای حاوی پلت و غذای حاوی توبیفکس تجاری همراه بود (05/0>p). ایمونوگلوبین کل، لیزوزیم و فعالیت کمپلمان بعد از تنش هوا در تیمار تغذیه غذای حاوی پودر توبیفکس پرورشیبه‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر بود. همچنین میزانفعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی (آمیلاز، پروتئاز و لیپاز) در ماهیان تغذیه شده با پودر کرم توبیفکس پرورشی بیشتر بود. مقدار دو آنزیم آسپارات آمینوترانسفراز(AST) و آلانین آمینوترانسفراز(ALT) در تیمار حاوی پودر کرم توبیفکس پرورشی نسبت به دو تیمار دیگر کمتر بود (05/0>p). بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده می‌توان گفت که تغذیه ماهی آنجل با غذای حاوی پودر کرم توبیفکس پرورشیبه‌ویژه در زمان شروع تغذیه فعال می‌تواند باعث بهبود رشد و برخی شاخص‌های ایمنی اختصاصی و غیر اختصاصی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ایمنی؛ تنش هوا؛ کرم توبیفکس؛ ماهی آنجل (Pterophyllum scalare)

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