اثر اسیدهیومیک و اسیدفولویک بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیک گیاه شمعدانی (Plargonium spp.)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 3، دوره 32، شماره 1، خرداد 1397، صفحه 35-50   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v31i3.57849

نویسندگان

رسول عباس زاده فاروجی؛ محمود شور^* ؛ علی تهرانی فر؛ بهرام عابدی؛ نسیم صفری

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

گیاهان زینتی امروزه علاوه بر رفع نیازهای روحی و روانی، از لحاظ اقتصادی نیز در بازارهای جهانی خودنمایی می‌کنند. تولید مطلوب محصولات کشاورزی نیازمند به خاک مناسب و عناصر غذایی کافی و قابل جذب برای گیاه است. مواد آلی نقش مهمی در بهبود خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک و باروری خاک دارند. به منظور بررسی تاثیر مواد هیومیکی بر روی گیاه زینتی شمعدانی، آزمایشی در محل گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در طی سال‌های 1393-1394 انجام گرفت. تحقیق به ‌صورت فاکتوریل 4×4 بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول اسیدهیومیک و عامل دوم اسید فولویک هر در چهار سطح (0، 2/0، 5/0و 1 گرم بر لیتربودند. صفات مورفولوژیک گیاه شامل تعداد برگ، تعداد گره، تعداد شاخه فرعی، ارتفاع شاخه اصلی، ارتفاع گیاه، طول ریشه، سطح برگ، وزن‌تر اندام‌های هوایی، وزن تر ریشه، طول ریشه، حجم ریشه، حجم اندام‌ هوایی وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و نسبت اندام هوایی به ریشه اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد ترکیبی اسیدهیومیک و اسیدفولویک سبب بهبود اکثر صفات مورفولوژیک اندازه‌گیری شده گردید، به طوریکه بیشترین ارتفاع (75/41 سانتی‌متر)، وزن‌تر اندام هوایی (83/94 گرم)، وزن خشک اندام هوایی (71/20 گرم)، وزن تر ریشه (40/16 گرم)، سطح برگ (27/60 سانتی‌متر مربع)، طول ریشه (16/45 سانتی‌متر) و حجم ریشه (33/15 سانتی‌متر مکعب) در /تیمار ترکیبی اسیدهیومیک و اسیدفولویک حاصل شد. کمترین ارتفاع، وزن تر اندام هوایی، وزن خشک اندام هوایی، وزن تر ریشه، سطح برگ، طول ریشه، حجم ریشه به ترتیب 75/20 سانتی‌متر، 49/36 گرم، 78/5 گرم، 75/4 گرم، 60/29 سانتی‌متر مربع، 88/25 سانتی‌متر، 00/4 سانتی‌متر مکعب ثبت شد. همچنین تعداد برگ گیاه تحت تاثیر کاربرد اسیدهیومیک و اسیدفولیک قرار گرفت و کمترین تعداد برگ (16/14 عدد) در تیمار شاهد ثبت شد. به طور کلی کاربرد مواد هیومیکی (اسیدهیومیک و اسیدفولویک) سبب بهبود صفات رشدی گیاه شد، این درحالی است که تیمار ترکیبی این دو تاثیر مشهودتری نسبت به کاربرد جداگانه هر کود داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سطح برگ؛ گیاهان زینتی؛ مواد آلی؛ وزن خشک

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