بررسی تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پسته رقم احمدآقایی روی ژنوتیپ‌های پایه متحمل و حساس به سرما در شرایط تنش یخ‌زدگی

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 7، دوره 32، شماره 3، آذر 1397، صفحه 471-484   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v32i3.69529

نویسندگان

علی تاج آبادی پور^{* 1}؛ محمدرضا فتاحی مقدم نوقابی²؛ ذبیح اله زمانی³؛ فاطمه نصیبی⁴؛ حسین حکم آبادی⁵

¹سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رفسنجان

²کرج

³تهران

⁴دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

⁵ایستگاه تحقیقات پسته دامغان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر ژنوتیپ پایه بر واکنش پسته رقم احمدآقایی نسبت به تنش یخ‌زدگی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها در دو سطح: ژنوتیپ پایه (چهار ژنوتیپ متحمل و چهار ژنوتیپ حساس به سرما) و دما (2- و 4- درجه سانتی‌گراد) اجرا شد. در مرحله تمام گل، از شاخه‌های انتهایی رقم احمد آقایی پیوند شده روی این ژنوتیپ‌ها نمونهگیری شد. شاخه‌ها در گلدان‌های حاوی آب مقطر در دمای 2- و 4- درجه سانتی‌گراد به مدت دو ساعت قرار گرفتند. پس از اعمال تیمارها، شاخص سرمازدگی تعیین شد، ازخوشه‌های گل تیمار‌ها جهت اندازه‌گیری پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد شدت سرمازدگی در ژنوتیپ‌های پایه متحمل به سرما به‌طور معنی‌داری کمتر از ژنوتیپ‌های پایه حساس در دو دمای 2- و 4- درجه سانتی‌گراد می‌باشد. میزان نشت یونی، پراکسید‌هیدروژن، مالون‌دآلدهید در ژنوتیپ‌های پایه متحمل به سرما به‌طور معنی‌داری پایین‌تر از ژنوتیپ‌های حساس به سرما بود. میزان قندهای محلول، پروتئین کل، پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم‌های‌کاتالاز، آسکوربات‌پراکسیداز و گایاکول‌پراکسیداز در ژنوتیپ‌های پایه متحمل به سرما به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از ژنوتیپ‌های پایه حساس به سرما بوده است. نتایج مربوط به اثر متقابل دما و ژنوتیپ نشان داد که دمای 4- درجه سانتی‌گراد باعث افزایش معنی‌دار نشت یونی، پرولین، پراکسید‌هیدروژن و مالون‌دآلدهید و کاهش فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، آسکوربات‌پراکسیداز و گایاکول‌پراکسیداز نسبت به دمای 2- درجه سانتی‌گراد مخصوصا در پایه‌های حساس به سرما شد. با توجه به صفات مورد مطالعه، متحمل‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ پایه به سرما TR1 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان؛ پایه؛ پسته؛ ژنوتیپ؛ مقاومت به سرما

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