تأثیر مدیریت تغذیه‌ای روی عملکرد، کارایی نیتروژن، کربن آلی و نیتروژن خاک در تناوب کلزا (Brassica napus L.)-گندم (Triticum aestivum L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 20، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 38، دی 1397، صفحه 1245-1257   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v10i4.63624

نویسندگان

حامد اکبری؛ سید علی محمد مدرس ثانوی^*

دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثرات مدیریت تغذیه گیاهان بر عملکرد دانه، کارایی نیتروژن و خصوصیات خاک، آزمایشی به­صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار، در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در طی سال­های 1393-1389 انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تناوب در دو سطح (کلزا (Brassica napus L.)-سویا (Glycine max L.)-گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) و کلزا-گندم) و تیمارهای کوددهی در نه سطح (1F: اوره؛ 2F: اوره + زئولیت؛ 3F: کمپوست دامی؛ 4F: کمپوست دامی + زئولیت؛ 5F: اوره + کمپوست دامی؛ 6F: اوره + کمپوست دامی + زئولیت؛ 7F: اوره + آزوکمپوست؛ 8F: اوره + آزوکمپوست + زئولیت و 9F: شاهد) به­ترتیب به­عنوان کرت­های اصلی و فرعی بودند. بیشترین عملکرد کلزا و گندم از تیمار تلفیقی 6F در سال دوم آزمایش به مقدار 3571 و 4001 کیلوگرم در هکتار به­ترتیب حاصل شد. بیشترین میزان جذب نیتروژن از تیمار 6F (115 و 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کمترین مقدار از تیمار 9F (30 و 28 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به­ترتیب برای کلزا و گندم حاصل شد. بیشترین میزان افزایش در کربن آلی خاک از تیمار 4F به میزان 9 درصد و بیشترین کاهش از تیمار 1F به میزان 14 و 17 درصد به­ترتیب برای کلزا و گندم به­دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از کود دامی و زئولیت روشی مناسب برای کاهش کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی، افزایش عملکرد و بهبود پایداری در سیستم­های کشاورزی می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزوکمپوست، خاک شنی؛ زئولیت؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ کوددهی تلفیقی

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