تعیین ترکیب شیمیایی، فراسنجه‌های تولید گاز و قابلیت هضم برگ چند گونه درختی (با و بدون افزودن پلی‌اتیلن‌گلایکول) مورد استفاده در تغذیه دام

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 45، فروردین 1400، صفحه 91-107   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v13i1.83977

نویسندگان

روح ا... شهرکی¹؛ جواد بیات کوهسار^{* 1}؛ فرزاد قنبری²؛ ابوالفضل دانشور³

¹گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

²گروه علوم دامی،دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی،دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

³گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه و مهندسی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه­ای به­منظور تعیین ترکیب شیمیایی، فراسنجه­های تولید گاز و مولفه­های قابلیت هضمی برگ چند گونه درختی مورد استفاده در تغذیه دام در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی (7 تیمار و 3 تکرار) انجام شد. در این مطالعه از ترکیب پلی اتیلن گلایکول به صورت افزودنی در سطح توصیه شده (دو برابر وزن نمونه­های آزمایشی) استفاده شد. ترکیب شیمیایی نمونه­ها با استفاده از روش­های استاندارد تعیین شد. به­منظور برآورد فراسنجه­های تولید گاز، از روش آزمون گاز استفاده شد. قابلیت هضم برون­تنی نمونه­ها با استفاده از روش کشت بسته تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقادیر ماده خشک، ماده آلی، غلظت الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی، همی­سلولز و میزان خاکستر در بین تیمارها اختلاف معنی­داری داشت. بیشترین مقدار خاکستر در تیمار افرا (27/1 درصد) و کمترین مقدار در تیمارهای بلوط، ممرز و چلم (به­ترتیب 52/0، 56/0 و 58/0 درصد ماده خشک) مشاهده شد. مقدار پروتئین خام گونه­های مختلف درختی در دامنه 7 تا 18 درصد قرار داشت. بیشترین مقدار تانن در درخت راش (063/0 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و کمترین مقدار در برگ درخت بلوط (018/0 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) مشاهده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در بین تیمار­های آزمایشی از نظر قابلیت هضم ماده آلی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و اسید­های چرب کوتاه زنجیر اختلاف معنی­داری وجود داشت. بیشترین پتانسیل و نرخ تولید گاز در برگ درخت چلم بدون افزودن پلی­اتیلن گلایکول مشاهده شد (به­ترتیب 9/214 میلی­لیتر و 34/4 میلی­لیتر در ساعت). افزودن پلی­اتیلن گلایکول باعث افزایش میزان تولید گاز، کاهش عامل تفکیک، تولید پروتئین میکروبی و افزایش بازده تولید گاز در گونه­های مورد مطالعه شد. به طور کلی، نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که برگ برخی از درختان (آزاد، چلم، نمدار، راش، افرا، بلوط و ممرز) می­تواند به عنوان مکمل پروتئینی در خوراک­های بر پایه علوفه کم کیفیت برای زمان خشک­سالی و کمبود علوفه در جیره نشخوارکنندگان استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

برگ درخت؛ ترکیب شیمیایی؛ پلی‌اتیلن‌گلایکول؛ تولید گاز؛ قابلیت هضم

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