بررسی برهم‌کنش کاربرد ازتوباکتر و نیتروژن بر میزان انتقال مجدد مواد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه جو (Hordeum vulgar L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 7، دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 41، مهر 1398، صفحه 893-908   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v11i3.68804

نویسندگان

اردشیر طاهری نژاد؛ محمد اقبال قبادی^* ؛ سعید جلالی هنرمند؛ حسن حیدری

گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر ازتوباکتر بر خصوصیات کمّی و کیفی گیاه جو (Hordeum vulgar L.) و هم‌چنین میزان مصرف بهینه آن و جایگزینی با مقادیر نیتروژن صنعتی و تأثیر آن بر میزان انتقال مجدد مواد، آزمایشی بر روی جو آبی رقم بهمن به‌صورت مزرعه‌ای در شهرستان سنقر (استان کرمانشاه) در سال زراعی 94-1393 اجرا گردید. آزمایش از نوع فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بود. فاکتورها شامل سطوح کود زیستی ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم (0، 100 و 200 گرم در هکتار) و سطوح کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره (0، 50، 100، 150 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد، برهم‌کنش ازتوباکتر و نیتروژن بر تمامی صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار بود. بیش‌ترین میزان انتقال مجدد مواد از ساقه به دانه از پدانکل و پنالتیمیت در استفاده توأم کودهای نیتروژنه صنعتی 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کودهای بیولوژیک 100 گرم در هکتار ازتوباکتر به‌ترتیب مقدار110 و 90 میلی‌گرم و هم‌چنین بیش‌ترین مقدار انتقال مجدد از سنبله به دانه در تیمار کودهای نیتروژنه صنعتی 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کودهای بیولوژیک 200 گرم در هکتار ازتوباکتر به مقدار 41 میلی‌گرم مشاهده شد. هم‌چنین بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص سطح برگ، وزن هکتولیتر، درصد پروتئین دانه (5/12 درصد)، عملکرد زیست‌توده، شاخص برداشت، تعداد سنبله در واحد سطح، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد دانه (871 گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار 200 گرم در هکتار ازتوباکتر و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن به‌دست آمد. با افزایش میزان این نهاده‌ها، مقادیر صفات نیز افزایش نشان داد. با در نظر گرفتن هزینه این نهاده‌ها و مقادیر افزایش عملکرد دانه و پروتئین، مصرف 100 گرم در هکتار ازتوباکتر و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن به‌ترتیب حدود 834 گرم در مترمربع و 26 درصد، بیش‌ترین بازده اقتصادی داشت و اختلاف معنی‌داری با مصرف حداکثر آن‌ها نداشت. در این آزمایش با افزایش ازتوباکتر بین 17 تا 42 درصد به عملکرد دانه اضافه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم؛ پروتئین؛ جو؛ نیتروژن

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