اثر عصاره استخراج شده با حلال‌های مختلف در گیاه استبرق Calotropis procera (Willd) بر دموگرافی سفیدبالک پنبه Bemisia tabaci (Genn.)

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 32، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 42، دی 1397، صفحه 495-508   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v32i4.45843

نویسندگان

محمد امین سمیع^{* 1}؛ مریم نجاتی²؛ مهدی ضرابی³

¹دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان

²دانشگاه ولی عصر

³دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر حلال‌های استون، اتانول، هگزان و متانول برای عصاره‌گیری گیاه استبرق بر دموگرافی سفیدبالک پنبهBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) روی گوجه فرنگی بررسی شد. داده­ها بر اساس جدول زندگی سن-مرحله دوجنسی تجزیه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار استبرق استونی  بیشترین اثر را بر کاهش بقاء حشرات کامل سفیدبالک پنبه داشتند. اثر تیمارها بر نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (روز-1) ، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (روز-1) ، طول مدت زمان هر نسل (روز) و نرخ ناخالص و خالص تولید مثل (تخم/فرد) در سطح پنج درصد معنی­دار بود. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت برای تیمارهای شاهد و عصاره­های  استونی،  اتانولی،  هگزانی و  متانولی به ترتیب 081/0، 03/0، 045/0، 054/0 و 043/0 بر روز بود. در مورد فراسنجه­های دوره تخم­گذاری و تعداد کل تخم به ازای هر حشره ماده تیمار شاهد به ترتیب با مقادیر 45/2 و 131/15 در گروه بیشترین قرار گرفت و تیمار استبرق استونی با مقادیر 59/0و 093/3 در گروه کمترین قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش کلیه تیمارها در مقایسه با شاهد توانستند در کاهش دوره تخم­گذاری و تعداد کل تخم به ازای هر ماده اثر داشته باشند. از بین حلال‌های مختلف برای عصاره‌گیری،  استون و متانول حلال­های بهتری برای استخراج عصاره­ی مؤثر بر سفیدبالک پنبه بودند و عصاره­ی استبرق می­تواند به عنوان یک گزینه­ی  مناسب در برنامه مدیریت تلفیقی سفیدبالک پنبه مطرح باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پارامترهای جمعیت؛ جدول زندگی؛ نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت؛ نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت

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