واکنش تابعی وابسته به دما در کفشدوزک Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Col.: Coccinellidae) نسبت به شپشک آردآلود مرکبات، Planococcus citri (Hem.: Pseudococcidae)

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 33، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 45، مهر 1398، صفحه 267-280   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v33i3.79292

نویسندگان

مهدی حسن پور^* ؛ محبوبه مرادی

دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

کفشدوزک شکارگر Cryptolaemus montrouzieri یکی از شکارگرهای مهم شپشک آردآلود مرکبات، Planococcus citri می­باشد. در این تحقیق، تأثیر دماهای مختلف روی واکنش تابعی لارو سن چهارم و حشره­ی ماده­ی کامل کفشدوزک کریپتولموس نسبت به تغییرات تراکم افراد ماده­ی کامل شپــــشک آردآلود مرکبات مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش در تراکم­های 3، 5، 7، 10، 15 و 30 عددی از طعمه در داخل ظروف پتری حاوی برگ نارنج در دماهای ثابت 18، 23، 27، 32 و 1±37 درجه­ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی10±60 درصد و دوره­ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی در 10 تکرار انجام شد. تعداد طعمه­های زنده مانده پس از 24 ساعت شمارش و ثبت شد. تعیین نوع واکنش تابعی با استفاده از رگرسیون لجستیک و تخمین پارامترها با استفاده از رگرسیون غیرخطی انجام شد. واکنش تابعی هر دو مرحله­ی زیستی شکارگر در تمام دماها از نوع دوم بود. بیشترین مقدار عددی نرخ حمله برای لارو و حشره­ی ماده­ی کامل شکارگر در دمای 37 درجه­ی سلسیوس و کمترین مقدار عددی زمان دستیابی این دو مرحله­ی زیستی شکارگر به ترتیب در دماهای 27 و 32 درجه­ی سلسیوس تخمین زده شد. در تمام دماهای مورد آزمایش، بیشترین مقدار نرخ حمله در مقایسه­ی بین دو مرحله­ی زیستی مورد بررسی شکارگر، مربوط به حشرات ماده­ی کامل بود. این تحقیق نشان داد که کفشدوزک شکارگر C. montrouzieri در دماهای بالاتر مورد مطالعه از کارآیی بیشتری در کنترل شپشک آردآلود مرکبات،P. citri  برخوردار می­باشد. با این حال، لازم است مطالعات تکمیلی در مورد اثر دما روی رفتار جستجوگری این شکارگر روی این آفت در شرایط گلخانه­ای و مزرعه ای نیز مورد بررسی قرار گیرد.   

کلیدواژه‌ها

دما؛ واکنش تابعی؛ Cryptolaemus montrouzieri؛ Planococcus citri

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