بررسی اثر کودهای آلی، بیولوژیکی و شیمیایی بر اجزاء عملکرد، عملکرد و عملکرد روغن دانه سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 2، دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 47، فروردین 1400، صفحه 23-38   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v12i1.22652

نویسندگان

رضوان سهرابی رینانی¹؛ پرویز رضوانی مقدم^{* 2}؛ رضا قربانی³؛ علیرضا آستارایی⁴

¹گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران.

²گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

⁴گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثرکودهای آلی، بیولوژیکی و شیمیایی بر اجزاء عملکرد، عملکرد و عملکرد روغن دانه سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) آزمایشی در سال زراعی 91- 1390 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت .در این آزمایش فاکتور کودهای آلی و زیستی در چهار سطح (کود زیستی بیوسولفور + 100کیلوگرم در هکتار پودر گوگرد خالص، هفت کیلوگرم در هکتار  هیومیک اسید، هفت کیلوگرم در هکتار  فولویک اسید و عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)) و فاکتورکود شیمیایی و دامی در سه سطح (کود شیمیایی (NPK، به‌ترتیب 80،40،30 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، کود گاوی(20 تن در هکتار) و عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)) استفاده شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه و اثرات متقابل آن‌ها بر صفات تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن اثر معنی‌داری داشتند. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه جانبی، تعداد فولیکول در بوته، تعداد دانه در فولیکول، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن (به‌ترتیب 9/58 سانتی‌متر، 79/5، 76/7، 7/71، 594، 075/1 گرم، 2/2 تن در هکتار و 517 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به تیمار کود شیمیایی با بیوسولفور بود و کمترین آن‌ها (49 سانتی‌متر، 01/3، 92/3، 8/39، 194، 445/0گرم، 935/0 تن در هکتار و 221 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به تیمار شاهد بود. بیشترین و کمترین شاخص برداشت به‌ترتیب مربوط به تیمار کود گاوی با  هیومیک اسید (49 درصد) و تیمار شاهد (6/25 درصد) بود. بیشترین و کمترین درصد روغن به‌ترتیب مربوط به تیمار کود گاوی با  هیومیک اسید (11/27 درصد) و تیمار کود شیمیایی (11/20 درصد) بود. نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از آن است که کاربرد  هیومیک اسید و  فولویک اسید وکود زیستی بیوسولفور به ‌تنهایی و یا همراه با کود شیمیایی و گاوی در بهبود صفات کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه تأثیر مثبتی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بیوسولفور؛ فولویک اسید؛ کود گاوی؛ هیومیک اسید

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