تأثیر دگرآسیبی بقایای گندم و جو بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی (Vigna sinensis L.) و کنترل علف‌های هرز

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 15، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 48، دی 1396، صفحه 838-850   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v15i4.55364

نویسندگان

ملیحه شاه بیکی؛ حسن مکاریان^* ؛ حمید عباس دخت

دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی تأثیر دگرآسیبی بقایای گندم و جو بر کنترل علف‌های هرز و عملکرد گیاه لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی آزمایشی مزرعه‌ای در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود در سال 1394 انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی شامل: وجین تمام فصل، عدم وجین، علف‌کش خاک مصرف تریفلورالین (ترفلان 48% EC) مطابق دز توصیه شده (دو لیتر در هکتار)، محلول‌پاشی برگی با غلظت 50 درصد عصاره کاه و کلش گندم، محلول‌پاشی برگی با غلظت 100 درصد عصاره کاه و کلش گندم، کاربرد بقایای گندم به‌صورت مخلوط با خاک به میزان دو تن در هکتار، کاربرد بقایای گندم به‌صورت مخلوط با خاک به میزان چهار تن در هکتار، کاربرد بقایای گندم به‌صورت مخلوط با خاک به میزان هشت تن در هکتار، محلول‌پاشی برگی با غلظت 50 درصد عصاره کاه و کلش جو، محلول‌پاشی برگی با غلظت 100 درصد عصاره کاه و کلش جو بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای کاربرد چهار و هشت تن بقایای کاه و کلش گندم توانستند ضمن کاهش معنی‌دار تراکم علف‌های هرز نسبت به تیمار عدم وجین، سبب افزایش تعداد دانه در غلاف، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه لوبیا گردند. تیمارهای وجین وکاربرد بقایای گندم به میزان هشت تن در هکتار به‌ترتیب عملکرد دانه را 23/78 و 79/80 درصد نسبت به تیمار عدم وجین افزایش دادند. براساس نتایج این آزمایش اختلاط کاه وکلش گندم با خاک به‌عنوان یک روش مدیریت غیر شیمیایی، پتانسیل کنترل علف‌های هرز و افزایش صفات عملکردی لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حبوبات؛ علف‌کش زیستی؛ کنترل غیرشیمیایی؛ مدیریت علف هرز

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