تأثیر فشردگی خاک بر ترسیب کربن و نیتروژن در خاک و گیاه گندم و خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک (مطالعه موردی: اراضی دیم شمال آق قلا، استان گلستان)

آب و خاک

مقاله 7، دوره 29، شماره 6، بهمن 1394، صفحه 1553-1566   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v29i6.30196

نویسندگان

زهرا سعیدی فر^{* 1}؛ حمید رضا عسگری²؛ فرشید اکرم قادری²

¹دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

²دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

فشردگی خاک به یک مشکل فراگیر در سطح دنیا تبدیل شده و یکی از عوامل موثر در تخریب اراضی به خصوص در اراضی کشاورزی مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک به شمار می‌رود. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر فشردگی خاک بر روی توان ترسیب کربن و نیتروژن در خاک و گیاه گندم و خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک (وزن مخصوص ظاهری، تخلخل، رطوبت اشباع خاک و ثبات خاکدانه ها) می باشد. این تحقیق در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی مزرعه نمونه ارتش شهر انبار الوم استان گلستان در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 4 تیمار و 3 تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارهای این تحقیق عبارت بودند از: تیمار شاهد (بدون فشردگی مصنوعی)، تیمار 2 (2 بار عبور تراکتور سنگین)، تیمار 3 (4 بار عبور تراکتور سنگین) و تیمار 4 (6 بار عبور تراکتور سنگین). در این تحقیق پس از اندازه گیری خصوصیات مورد نظر، داده ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS 16.0تجزیه اماری شد و جهت مقایسه میانگین تیمارها نیز از آزمون LSD در سطح 5% استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف فشردگی خاک باعث افزایش معنی دار جرم مخصوص ظاهری خاک گردید. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که تمام تیمارهای فشردگی خاک باعث کاهش معنی دار ترسیب کربن و نیترون در خاک و گیاه گندم، پایداری‌خاکدانه ها و رطوبت اشباع خاک گردید. از سوی دیگر میزان شوری و اسدیته خاک بر اثر تیمارهای فشردگی خاک افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اراضی زراعی؛ تراکتور سنگین؛ توان ترسیب؛ مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک

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