اثر نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط افزایشی سیاه‌دانه (L. Nigella sativa) و شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد آن‌ها

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 18، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 57، فروردین 1399، صفحه 31-47   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v18i1.71335

نویسندگان

خالد عبدالله پور؛ علیرضا کوچکی^* ؛ مهدی نصیری محلاتی؛ سرور خرم دل

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر نسبت‌های مختلف کشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه ( L. Nigella sativa) و شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) در سری‌های افزایشی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کشت مخلوط افزایشی 25% سیاه‌دانه+ 100% شنبلیله، 50% سیاه‌دانه+ 100% شنبلیله، 75% سیاه‌دانه+ 100% شنبلیله، 100% سیاه‌دانه+ 100% شنبلیله و کشت خالص هر دو گونه بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تعداد شاخه جانبی در بوته، تعداد کپسول/غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول/غلاف، عملکرد تک بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیکی برای هر دو گونه به‌طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط قرار گرفت. با افزایش نسبت سیاه‌دانه در کشت مخلوط، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیکی آن افزایش یافت، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین (291 کیلوگرم در هکتار) عملکرد دانه از کشت خالص و کمترین (107 کیلوگرم در هکتار) میزان آن در تیمار 25% سیاه‌دانه+ 100% شنبلیله حاصل شد. همچنین تیمار کشت خالص شنبلیله دارای بالاترین (655 کیلوگرم در هکتار) عملکرد دانه بود. در کلیه نسبت‌های مخلوط LER بالاتر از یک بود و تیمار 75% سیاه‌دانه + 100% شنبلیله با 24/1LER= در بالاترین سطح قرار گرفت که این امر نشان‌دهنده افزایش کارایی و سودمندی زراعی نسبت‌های مختلف کشت مخلوط دو گیاه شنبلیله و سیاه‌دانه نسبت به کشت خالص آن‌ها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

گیاه دارویی؛ سری های افزایشی؛ نسبت برابری زمین؛ کارایی

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