ارزیابی احتمال آلودگی آرسنیک در آب زیرزمینی دشت همدان ـ بهار با استفاده از روش‌های زمین آماری

آب و خاک

مقاله 2، دوره 31، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 53، مرداد 1396، صفحه 874-885   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i3.53993

نویسندگان

مینا توزنده جانی^* ؛ علیرضا سفیانیان؛ نورالله میرغفاری؛ محسن سلیمانی

دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

در بین عناصر سنگین، آرسنیک به‌عنوان یک عنصر سرطان‌زا شناسایی‌شده است و غلظت‌های زیاد آن در اکوسیستم می‌تواند یک نگرانی بزرگ برای سلامتی عمومی و محیط‌زیست ایجاد کند. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی دشت همدان ـ بهار از نظر آلودگی به آرسنیک می-باشد. بدین منظور غلظت آرسنیک در 94 نقطه آب زیرزمینی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جهت تعیین توزیع مکانی آرسنیک از روش‌های مختلف زمین‌آمار استفاده گردید، سپس نتایج حاصل از این روش‌ها با استفاده از روش ارزیابی متقابل و محاسبه شاخص‌های میانگین خطای مطلق (MAE) و میانگین خطای انحراف (MBE) با یکدیگر مقایسه شدند و مناسب‌ترین روش انتخاب گردید. بدین منظور از روش توابع پایه شعاعی RBF با مدل Multiquadric جهت تعیین توزیع مکانی آرسنیک در آب زیرزمینی استفاده شد. علاوه بر این نقشه‌ احتمال آلودگی و افزایش غلظت آرسنیک از حد آستانه نیز با استفاده از مدل کریجینگ شاخص برای آب زیرزمینی تهیه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در حدود 67 درصد آبخوان دارای احتمال آلودگی کمتر از 50 درصد بود. درحالی‌که 18/21 درصد سطح آبخوان دارای آلودگی متوسط و 9/10 درصد سطح آبخوان دارای احتمال آلودگی زیاد بود. مناطقی که در آن احتمال آلودگی آب زیرزمینی زیاد بود با کاربری کشاورزی و به‌خصوص مناطق زیر کشت سیب‌زمینی هم‌خوانی داشت که می‌تواند به دلیل مصرف زیاد کودهای شیمیایی و مرغی در این مناطق باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنصر سرطان زا؛ توابع پایه شعاعی؛ توزیع مکانی؛ کریجینگ شاخص

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