تاثیر هیدروکسید مضاعف لایه‌ای با آنیون بین لایه‌ای فسفات بر فراهمی فسفر در یک خاک آهکی

آب و خاک

مقاله 2، دوره 32، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 57، فروردین 1397، صفحه 45-57   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i5.60983

نویسندگان

حدیث حاتمی¹؛ امیر فتوت^{* 2}؛ اکرم حلاج نیا²

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به‌دلیل واکنش فسفر با ترکیبات موجود در خاک، فراهمی فسفر به‌عنوان یک فاکتور محدود‌کننده برای تولید فرآورده‌های کشاورزی در سراسر جهان مطرح است. این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه تاثیر ترکیب سنتزی هیدروکسید مضاعف لایه‌ای (LDH) با آنیون بین لایه ای فسفات و کود شیمیایی سوپر فسفات تریپل (TSP) بر فراهمی فسفر یک خاک آهکی در طی زمان انجام شد. به این منظور ابتدا Zn-Al LDH با آنیون بین‌لایه‌ای فسفات (P-LDH) به روش تبادل یونی ساخته شد و سپس یک آزمایش انکوباسیون در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل دربرگیرنده دو ترکیب حاوی فسفر (P-LDH و TSP)، چهار سطح فسفر (صفر (شاهد)، 18، 45 و 90 میلی‌گرم فسفر بر کیلوگرم)، 8 زمان (1، 5، 10، 20، 40، 70، 100 و 150 روز) و سه تکرار انجام شد. در پایان هر زمان مقادیر فسفر و روی قابل دسترس، pH و هدایت الکتریکی (EC) نمونه‌ها اندازه‌گیری گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد P-LDH و TSP منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار فسفر قابل دسترس در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد گردید اما روند تغییرات رهاسازی فسفر در این دو منبع با گذشت زمان متفاوت بود. در نمونه‌های P-LDH برخلاف TSP با گذشت زمان فسفر قابل دسترس افزایش یافت تا آن‌جا که تفاوت میان این دو منبع در هر سه سطح فسفر در زمان 150 روز از نظر آماری معنی‌دار گردید. این امر احتمالا به‌دلیل رهاسازی آهسته فسفر از ساختمان P-LDH و کاهش واکنش فسفر با ترکیبات خاک رخ داده است. در اثر انحلال ترکیب P-LDH در خاک هم‌زمان با آنیون فسفر کاتیون روی هم وارد محلول خاک شد که منجر به افزایش قابل توجه روی قابل دسترس خاک در تیمارهای P-LDH گردید. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که تغییرات pH و EC در هر دو منبع یکسان بوده و تفاوت معنی‌داری میان دو منبع مشاهده نشد. بنابراین به‌نظر می‌رسد که P-LDH می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک کود کندرهای فسفره سبب افزایش کارایی فسفر گردد اما سطوح بالای این ترکیب به‌دلیل بالا بودن مقادیر روی قابل دسترس توصیه نمی‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سوپر فسفات تریپل؛ فسفر قابل دسترس؛ کود کندرها؛ هیدروکسید‌های مضاعف بین‌لایه‌ای

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