ارزیابی کیفیت خاک در بخشی از اراضی منطقه خشک و نیمه‌خشک دشت قزوین، ایران

آب و خاک

مقاله 7، دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 58، خرداد 1397، صفحه 359-374   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v32i2.65408

نویسندگان

سونا آذرنشان¹؛ فرهاد خرمالی^{* 1}؛ فریدون سرمدیان²؛ فرشاد کیانی¹؛ کامران افتخاری³

¹دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

²دانشگاه تهران

³موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور

چکیده

ارزیابی کیفیت خاک اراضی کشاورزی امری ضروری برای موفقیت‌های اقتصادی و پایداری محیط‌زیست در مناطق درحال‌توسعه می‌باشد. در حال حاضر انواع بسیار زیادی از روش‌ها برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک استفاده می‌شوند که هر کدام معیارهای متفاوتی را به کار می‌گیرند. با توجه به اینکه قزوین یکی از مهم‌ترین قطب‌های تولید کننده در منطقه و نیز ایران می‌باشد و نظر به اهمیت ارزیابی کیفیت خاک به‌عنوان شاخصی از کشاورزی پایدار و بهره‌برداری بهینه از منابع طبیعی، در این تحقیق کیفیت خاک بخشی از اراضی دشت قزوین با استفاده از شاخص کیفیت خاک تجمعی (Integrated quality index) و شاخص کیفیت نمرو (Nemero quality index) در ترکیب با دو روش انتخاب معیار کل مجموعه داده‌ها (Total data set) و حداقل مجموعه داده‌ها (Minimum data set) ارزیابی شد. مجموعاً 19 پارامتر خاک درروش TDS مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. سپس این چهار ترکیب روش-های ارزیابی کیفیت خاک به‌منظور تعیین بهترین روش در منطقه مورد مطالعه از طریق مقایسه با عملکرد آنالیز شدند. نتایج نشان داد روش TDSIQI بیشترین همبستگی را در منطقه با میزان عملکرد دارد و نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی کیفیت خاک طبق این روش به ترتیب: 82/2% اراضی دارای درجه کیفیت خیلی خوب (I)،56/53% اراضی دارای درجه کیفیت خوب (II)،65/30% اراضی دارای درجه کیفیت متوسط (III) و 97/12% اراضی دارای درجه ضعیف (IV). همچنین روش TDSIQI بالاترین میزان همبستگی را با MDSIQI (9/77= R2) نشان داد؛ بنابراین روش MDS جایگزین خوبی برای سایر روش-های مطالعه کیفیت خاک می‌باشد و استفاده از آن می‌تواند موجب صرفه‌جویی در وقت و هزینه مطالعات گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص کیفیت خاک؛ GIS؛ MDS؛ TDS

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