اثر اسید هیومیک بر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی کمبود آهن در گیاه کلزا (رقم هایولا 308)

آب و خاک

مقاله 12، دوره 32، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 62، بهمن 1397، صفحه 1191-1205   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v32i6.73520

نویسندگان

طالب نظری¹؛ مجتبی بارانی مطلق^{* 2}؛ اسماعیل دردی پور²؛ رضا قربانی نصرآبادی¹؛ سمیه سفیدگر شاهکلایی¹

¹دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

²علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تأثیر کاربرد خاکی، محلول­پاشی و مصرف همراه با آب آبیاری اسیدهیومیک بر فرآهمی آهن، انواع کلروفیل و آنزیم­های گیاهی در گیاه کلزا (رقم هایولا 308) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 10 تیمار در 4 تکرار به اجرا درآمد که تیمارها شامل مصرف خاکی اسیدهیومیک در سه سطح (1، 2 و 4 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک)، محلول­پاشی اسیدهیومیک در سه سطح (1/0، 2/0 و 4/0 درصد)، همراه با آب آبیاری در سه سطح (1000، 2000 و 4000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و تیمار شاهد بود. نتایج به­دست آمده نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار آهن کل برگ مربوط به تیمار 4/0 درصد محلول­پاشی و کمترین مقدار مربوط به تیمار شاهد بود. همچنین بیشترین مقدار آهن کل ساقه و آهن فعال به ترتیب با میانگین 85 و 86/44 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم مربوط به تیمار 2000 میلی­گرم بر لیتر مصرف همراه با آب آبیاری اسیدهیومیک بود. بیشترین مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کلروفیل کل به ترتیب با میانگین 58/3، 79/1 و 37/5 در تیمار محلول‌پاشی اسیدهیومیک باسطح 4/0 درصد دیده شد. بیشترین مقدار فعالیت آنزیم­های گیاهی سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و گلوتاتیون ‌پراکسیداز به ترتیب با میانگین 20/4 و 95/1 (Iu /gr.fw) مربوط  تیمار 1/0 درصد محلول پاشی اسیدهیومیک و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با میانگین 46/4 (Iu /gr.fw) مربوط به تیمار 1000 میلی گرم در لیتر مصرف همراه با آب آبیاری بود. همچنین همبستگی منفی بین آنزیم­های گیاهی با انواع کلروفیل و آهن فعال وجود داشت. آهن فعال و آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدان که نشان­دهنده آهن درون سیتوپلاسم سلول­اند، شاخص­های مناسبی برای ارزیابی تحمل به کمبود آهن در مقایسه با سنجش آهن کل برگ می­باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آهن فعال؛ آنزیم های گیاهی؛ اسید هیومیک؛ کلروفیل

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