بررسی اثر تغییر کاربری اراضی بر هیدروگراف سیل رودخانه کشف‌رود با تحلیل نتایج روش SCS-CN

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 69، فروردین 1399، صفحه 43-54   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v34i2.84342

نویسندگان

مهدی محمودی¹؛ مهدی هنرمند^{* 2}؛ فرزین ناصری²؛ صدیقه محمدی²

¹تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته کرمان

²دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته کرمان

چکیده

تغییر کاربری اراضی و به طور کلی پوشش اراضی تأثیر مستقیمی بر تغییر رژیم هیدرولوژیکی دارد و ویژگی‌های سیل در هر منطقه می‌تواند تابع کاربری اراضی آن حوضه باشد. این تحقیق با هدف تعیین میزان تغییر کاربری اراضی طی 28 سال (1366 تا 1394) و تأثیر آن بر هیدروگراف سیل رودخانه کشف‌رود انجام شد. برای این منظور، نقشه کاربری اراضی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Erdas Imaging 2014 از تصاویر لندست TM سال 1366 و OLI سال 1394 با دقت 3/87 و در 10 کلاس کاربری استخراج شد. سپس با تلفیق نقشه‌های کاربری اراضی و گروه‌های هیدرولوژیک خاک در محیط GIS نقشه شماره منحنی رواناب، حاصل شد. در مرحله بعد وقایع بارش-رواناب در مدل HEC-HMS با استفاده از روش SCS-CN شبیه‌سازی شد و پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی مربوط به سال 1366 و 1394 واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی شد. نتایج نشان داد به علت تغییرات کاربری اراضی که در جهت کاهش مساحت مراتع متوسط و افزایش مساحت مراتع فقیر اتفاق افتاده است، متوسط شماره منحنی حوضه در این مدت از 5/77 به 4/78 افزایش یافته است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی نشان داد که میزان دبی اوج و حجم سیلاب حوضه کشف‌رود طی دوره مورد مطالعه به طور متوسط به‌ترتیب 2/15 و 7/13 درصد افزایش یافته ولی زمان رسیدن به دبی اوج هیدروگراف سیل تغییری نداشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

لندست؛ سیل؛ شماره منحنی؛ HEC-HMS

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