تدوین مدل راهبردی (TOWS) در توسعه صنایع تبدیلی تکمیلی خرما در استان خوزستان

مجله اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 50، دی 1399، صفحه 463-481   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead.2021.17808.0

نویسنده

مسلم سواری^*

گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف کلی تدوین یک مدل راهبردی (TOWS) در توسعه صنایع تبدیلی تکمیلی خرما در استان خوزستان انجام شد. در این پژوهش ابتدا با استفاده از مطالعات تحلیلی و ادبیات موضوع نقاط چهارگانه SWOT یعنی 7 قوت، 7 ضعف، 7 فرصت و 6 تهدید مشخص و سپس با استفاده از تکنیک AHP اولویت‏بندی شدند. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کارشناسان آگاه و متخصص موضوع در سازمان‏های ذیربط بودند که به طور هدفمند 24 نفر به عنوان نمونه برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. پردازش اطلاعات با تکنیک SWOT-AHP و با استفاده از نرم‏افزار Expert Choice‌ انجام شد. یافته‏های پژوهش نشان داد که در ارزیابی معیارها، نقاط ضعف، تهدید، قوت و فرصت اولویت‏های اول تا چهارم را به خود اختصاص دادند که نشان‏دهنده غالب بودن فضای مخاطره‏آمیز بر فضای مفید بود. علاوه بر این نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که در میان نقاط قوت نقطه «کاهش ضایعات خرما و استفاده بهینه از آن در راستای افزایش قدرت اقتصادی مناطق»، نقاط ضعف «ضعف فناوری و عدم توان رقابت با کشورهای تولید کننده خرما»، نقاط فرصت «تغییر ترکیب محصولات صادراتی و رهایی از صادرات تک محصولی و فله‏ای» و نقاط تهدید «کاهش سرمایه‏گذاری در بخش کشاورزی و توسعه زیرکشت نخیلات» در دستیابی به توسعه صنایع تبدیلی تکمیلی از مهم‏ترین نقاط هستند. علاوه بر این، در اولویت‏بندی نواحی استراتژیک نتایج نشان داد که راهبرد اول WT یعنی راهبرد دفاعی، راهبرد دوم WO یعنی راهبرد انطباقی، راهبرد سوم راهبرد ST یعنی راهبرد اقتضایی و در نهایت آخرین راهبرد در موضوع مورد بررسی راهبرد SO یعنی راهبرد تهاجمی بود. با توجه به غالب بودن فضای مخاطره‏آمیز بر فضای مفید پیشنهاد می‏شود توجه ویژه‏ای به برطرف نمودن نقاط ضعف و تهدید شود زیرا عدم توجه به این مسئله در استان خوزستان به عنوان قطب تولیدکننده خرما ممکن است خطرات جبران‏ناپذیری را در بلندمدت به دنبال داشته باشد و جایگاه خود را در این زمینه از دست بدهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

تحلیل SWOT-AHP؛ مدل راهبردی؛ صنایع روستایی؛ صنعتی‏سازی؛ معیشت پایدار

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