لزوم نظارت بر خصوصی‌سازی در راستای اصل توازن منافع سه‌گانه

دانشنامه حقوق اقتصادی

دوره 27، شماره 18، اسفند 1399، صفحه 251-274   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/lowecon.2021.39481

نویسندگان

محسن صادقی¹؛ عاطفه اجری ایسک^{* 2}

¹دانشیار حقوق خصوصی مؤسسه حقوق تطبیقی دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

²استادیار گروه حقوق دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

یکی از مقدمات ضروری برای موفقیت در خصوصی­سازی، اعمال و اجرای اصول حاکم بر آن است. شناسایی این اصول و معرفی آن به قانون‌گذار، از این فایده برخوردار است که قانون‌گذاری را در نظام حقوقی کشور تابع خط‌مشی مشخصی می­کند. به نظر می­رسد در زمینه خصوصی­سازی، با توجه به ماهیت و اهداف آن، یکی از مهم­ترین اصولی که باید مدّنظر قرار گیرد، اصل نظارت است. لزوم نظارت بر خصوصی­سازی امری بدیهی است؛ اما آنچه در این مقاله به آن پرداخته می­شود، تحلیل آن بر مبنای اصل توازن منافع سه­گانه است؛ چراکه برای موفقیت در خصوصی­سازی، باید در قراردادهای واگذاری، علاوه بر منفعت طرفین قرارداد، منافع اشخاص ثالث متأثرِ از این قرارداد که از کارگران شرکت‌های واگذارشده تا مصرف‌کنندگان محصولات این شرکت‌ها و در مقیاسی وسیع‌تر عموم افراد جامعه را در برمی‌گیرد، مورد لحاظ قرار گیرد. ازاین­رو در این نوشتار، مبنا و سازوکار اِعمال نظارت بر خصوصی­سازی مبتنی بر شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی بررسی می­شود و پیشنهاد‌هایی برای اجرای نظارت کارا بر فرایند خصوصی‌سازی و نحوه اجرای قراردادهای خصوصی­سازی ارائه می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

قراردادهای خصوصی‌سازی؛ اصل توازن منافع سه‌گانه؛ اصل نظارت؛ مقررات‌گذاری؛ قرارداد؛ استاندارد

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