بررسی سیستم ریشه‌ای ارقام مختلف جو زراعی تحت کاربرد منابع کودی در شرایط دیم

آب و خاک

مقاله 9، دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 76، خرداد و تیر 1400، صفحه 267-284   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2021.15046.0

نویسندگان

رحیم ناصری^{* 1}؛ امیر میرزایی²؛ امین عباسی³

¹گروه تکنولوژی تولیدات گیاهی، آموزشکده فنی‌مهندسی و کشاورزی دهلران، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

²بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان ایلام

³گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

کودهای زیستی بدلیل محلول نمودن فسفات­های تثبیت شده و در اختیار گذاشتن عناصرغذایی جهت رشد گیاه در خاک، نقش مهمی در حاصلخیزی خاک دارند، قارچ میکوریزا از جمله مهمترین ریزسازواره­های مفید خاکزی بشمار می­آید، به همین منظور جهت ارزیابی و نقش تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا روی سیستم ریشه ارقام جو دیم، آزمایشی مزرعه­ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی سرابله واقع در شهرستان چرداول در سال زراعی 99-1398 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل عامل ارقام جو (محلی، ماهور، خرم و فردان) و تیمار منابع کودی شامل شاهد (عدم مصرف هیچ منبع کودی)،50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفر، قارچ میکوریزا (Glomus mosseae, Glomus etunicatum and Rhizophagus irregularis)، مصرف توآم قارچ میکوریزا و50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفر  و مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفر قابل توصیه بودند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که برهمکنش رقم و منابع کودی بر خصوصیات ریشه­ای جو دیم معنی­دار بود، به طوری­که بیشترین طول ریشه (افزایش 6/76 درصدی)، حجم ریشه (افزایش 7/75 درصدی)، سطح ریشه (افزایش 3/73 درصدی)، تراکم طول ریشه (افزایش 8/76 درصدی)، تراکم بافت ریشه (افزایش 9/89 درصدی)، حجم مخصوص ریشه (افزایش 7/65 درصدی) و چگالی سطح ریشه (افزایش 6/70 درصدی) در رقم فردان با مصرف توآم قارچ میکوریزا و50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفر نسبت به شاهد (عدم مصرف هیچ منبع کودی) بدست آمد. بنابراین در بین ارقام مورد استفاده رقم فردان با مصرف توآم قارچ میکوریزا و 50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفر می­تواند موجب توسعه سیستم ریشه­ای و در نهایت سبب افزایش عملکرد دانه تحت شرایط دیم گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تراکم بافت ریشه؛ تراکم طول ریشه؛ چگالی سطح ریشه؛ حجم مخصوص ریشه؛ قطر ریشه

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