بررسی قابلیت انباشت زیستی جو برای سرب و کروم خاک در شرایط تنش خشکی

آب و خاک

مقاله 5، دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 78، مهر و آبان 1400، صفحه 519-534   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2021.69271.1039

نویسندگان

محسن مداحی نسب^{* 1}؛ سید محسن موسوی نیک²؛ سید احمد قنبری³؛ علیرضا سیروس مهر²؛ شاپور کوهستانی⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل و عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه پیام نور

²گروه زراعت، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

³گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

⁴گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر کم‌آبی بر قابلیت انباشت زیستی و زیست‌فراهمی دو فلز سمی سرب و کروم برای گیاه جو بود که در یک آزمایش مزرعه‌ای دوساله، با اعمال سه سطح کم‌آبی با (آبیاری در 100 (شاهد)، 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در همه موارد غلظت سرب و کروم در ریشه‌‌های گیاه جو بیشتر از شاخساره بود و با افزایش تنش خشکی، افزایش غلظت سرب در ریشه‌ها معنی‌دار نبود اما در شاخساره افزایش معنی‌دار داشت درحالی‌که غلظت کروم در هر دو بخش گیاه کاهش معنی‌دار داشت. با افزایش تنش خشکی، فاکتور انباشت شاخساره برای سرب افزایش و برای کروم کاهش یافت. همچنین با افزایش سطح کم‌آبی، فاکتور انباشت ریشه برای کروم کاهش یافت در حالی‌که فاکتور انتقال برای هر دو عنصر افزایش یافت اما افزایش آن برای سرب برجسته‌تر بود. فاکتور انباشت شاخساره برای سرب با افزایش وزن خشک شاخساره بصورت خطی کاهش یافت (0٫86-β=) اما فاکتور انباشت شاخساره برای کروم افزایش یافت (0٫62β=). مدل رگرسیونی وزن خشک ریشه، فاکتور انباشت ریشه برای کروم را با (0٫85β= ) پیش‌بینی کرد. مدل رگرسیونی وزن خشک کل گیاه توانست فاکتور انتقال سرب را با (0٫89- β=) و فاکتور انتقال کروم را با (0٫67- β=) پیش‌بینی کند. در این آزمایش ضرایب انباشت و انتقال زیستی مورد مطالعه همگی کمتر از یک بدست آمد، بنابراین گیاه جو زراعی نسبت به سرب و کروم موجود در خاک، گیاهی اجتناب کننده است و در شرایط کم‌آبی فزاینده در شرایط مزرعه، این فلزات سمی را به زنجیره غذایی انتقال نمی‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زنجیره غذایی؛ زیست‌فراهمی؛ فاکتور انتقال؛ فلز سمی؛ کم‌آبی

اصل مقاله

این مقاله در دوره 35 شماره 4 به چاپ خواهد رسید

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