State/Society Orders and Iranian Foreign Policy Analysis in the Second Pahlavi Era

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

Article 9, Volume 9, Issue 2 - Serial Number 18, September 2021, Pages 276-306   

Document Type: Original Article

DOI: 10.22067/irlip.2021.21483.0

Author

Mohammad Mohammadian^*

PhD. of international relations, Shahid Behesthi University

Abstract

The myth of internal/ external distinction in foreign policy analysis has been questioned for a long time. Despite that, Iran's foreign policy in the second Pahlavi is mostly analyzing according to structural theories. This paper considers most of the Iranian foreign policy determinants in the second Pahlavi era. The current research investigates the foreign relations patterns in the second Pahlavi era. According to documents and the history of foreign relations, three patterns are distinguished. Disperse order, in which high social participation and weak state structure are its characteristics, appears in confronting different orientations, indecisiveness, stalemate, and crisis in foreign relations. Centralized order emerges when social forces are marginalized or removed. Arbitrary decision making, regional intervention, external lavishing, questioning great powers are outcomes of this order in foreign policy. In the middle, keep a balance between social participation and state capacity bring about peaceful and cooperative behaviors in foreign relations such as finding foreign political and financial support, unity with tremendous and regional powers, and win the international institutions' support. As a result, balance order, as productive and low-cost, 

Keywords

State/ society order; Disperse; Balance and centralized power; Foreign policy; Second Pahlavi

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