بررسی تنوع مورفولوژیکی و ارزیابی عملکرد لاین‌های گوجه‌فرنگی با استفاده از تجزیه‌ آماری چند متغیره

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 7، دوره 36، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 54، شهریور 1401، صفحه 415-427   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.70173.1048

نویسندگان

ساسان گل چشمه¹؛ غفار کیانی^{* 1}؛ سیدکمال کاظمی تبار¹؛ سعید نواب پور²

¹گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

²گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

گوجه‌فرنگی محصولی با طیف وسیعی از ژنوتیپ‌ها با عملکردهای متفاوت است و گزینش بر اساس صفت عملکرد و اجزای آن می‌تواند به برنامه‌های اصلاحی این گیاه سرعت ببخشد. در پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای آن روی 25 لاین گوجه‌فرنگی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. صفات شامل تعداد روز تا گلدهی، تعداد روز از جوانه‌زنی تا اولین رنگ‌گیری میوه (زودرسی)، ارتفاع بوته (سانتی­متر)، تعداد میوه در بوته، وزن میوه در بوته (گرم)، عملکرد میوه در بوته (گرم)، طول و عرض میوه (سانتی‌متر) بودند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد در میان تمامی لاین‌ها تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر صفات مورد بررسی وجود دارد. همچنین تجزیه به مولفه‌های اصلی نیز بر اساس صفات مورفولوژیک نشان داد که دو مولفه اصلی اول، در مجموع 75 درصد از تنوع فنوتیپی کل در بین داده‌ها را توجیه کردند و صفات تعداد روز از جوانه‌زنی تا اولین رنگ‌گیری میوه (606/0-)، تعداد روز تاگلدهی (516/0-)، وزن میوه در بوته (492/0)، عرض میوه (480/0)، طول میوه (472/0)، ارتفاع بوته (445/0-)، عملکرد میوه در بوته (395/0) و تعداد میوه در بوته (367/0-) بیش‌ترین سهم را در تغییرات عملکرد داشتند. همچنین تجزیه خوشه‌ای به‌روش UPGMA نیز لاین‌های مورد مطالعه را در نه گروه قرار داد و لاین‌های گروه IX از نظر صفات عملکرد و اجزای آن، لاین‌های گروه VIII از نظر زودرسی و گلدهی و لاین‌های گروه IV از نظر تعداد میوه در بوته در وضعیت مطلوبی قرار داشتند و لاین‌های موجود در گروه‌های I و V نیز برای تمامی صفات در وضعیت متوسطی بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تجزیه به مولفه‌های اصلی؛ تجزیه خوشه‌ای؛ تجزیه واریانس؛ تنوع ژنتیکی؛ همبستگی

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