بررسی پایداری زیست‌محیطی کشت توتون (Nicotiana tabacum) با رویکرد ردپای اکولوژیکی (موردمطالعه: توتون گرمخانه‌ای و سایه‌خشک در استان گلستان)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 10، دوره 15، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 57، مهر 1402، صفحه 607-624   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2021.71190.1055

نویسندگان

عبدالحلیم کر¹؛ کریم نادری مهدیی^{* 2}؛ کاروان شانازی¹؛ سید محمد جعفر اصفهانی³

¹دانشجوی دکترای توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

²گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

³توسعه کشاورزی، گروه کشاورزی، موسسه پژوهش های برنامه ریزی اقتصاد کشاورزی، تهران ، ایران

چکیده

ردپای اکولوژیک شاخصی معتبر برای ارزیابی وضعیت پایداری تولیدات کشاورزی است. این شاخص امکان محاسبه میزان فشاری که انسان برای تولید محصول به طبیعت اعمال می­کند را فراهم می­سازد. هدف این پژوهش، ارزیابی وضعیت پایداری زیست­محیطی کشت توتون‌های گرمخانه‌ای و سایه‌خشک(Nicotiana tabacum)   با رویکرد ردپای اکولوژیکی است. این پژوهش کاربردی به شیوه پیمایشی در سال زراعی 97-1396 انجام گرفت. داده­ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه حضوری انجام شد و نمونه آماری بر اساس فرمول کوکران 100 نفر برای ارقام گرمخانه­ای و 60 نفر برای ارقام سایه‌خشک برآورد گردید. برای ارزیابی پایداری از شاخص ردپای اکولوژیک استفاده شد. نتایج نشان دادند، وضعیت پایداری کشت بر اساس ردپای اکولوژیکی (مستقیم و غیرمستقیم) در توتون سایه‌خشک 05/4 و توتون گرمخانه‌ای 67/3 معادل هکتار جهانی می‌باشد. بنابراین، تولید توتون سایه‌خشک نسبت به توتون گرمخانه‌ای در وضعیت ناپایدارتری قرار دارد. آلایندگی ناشی از مصرف الکتریسیته برای کشت توتون سایه‌خشک با 19/38 درصد و برای کشت توتون گرمخانه‌ای با 80/38 درصد بیشترین تأثیر در شاخص ردپای اکولوژیک داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اثرات زیست‌محیطی؛ ارزیابی انرژی؛ ظرفیت اکولوژیکی؛ کشاورزی پایدار

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