تأثیر برهم‌کنش کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی و کم آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت شیرین (Zea mays L. Var saccharata) و برخی شاخص‌های فعالیت بیولوژیکی خاک

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 5، دوره 15، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 58، دی 1402، صفحه 723-738   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2022.73850.1082

نویسندگان

امیر اطلس رودی؛ سید عبدالرضا کاظمینی^* ؛ محمد جعفر بحرانی؛ مژگان سپهری

گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی ،دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز ، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر برهم‌کنش کاربرد کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی و کم آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت شیرین (Zea mays L. Var saccharata) و برخی شاخص­های فعالیت بیولوژیک خاک، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز در سال زراعی 1397- 1396 اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل سطوح آبیاری (75 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه) و منبع کود نیتروژن (بدون کود، نیتروکسین، 150 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار، 150 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار + نیتروکسین و 300 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که صفات اندازه­گیری شده با تغییر آبیاری در سطوح فاکتور کودی 150 کیلوگرم اوره + نیتروکسین و 300 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار تفاوت معنی­داری نداشت. برهم‌کنش تیمار آبی (100 درصد نیاز آبی) و ترکیب 150 کیلوگرم اوره + نیتروکسین، به‌ترتیب تعداد بلال در بوته (7/21 و 6/16 درصد)، تعداد ردیف در بوته (4/21 و 4/21 درصد)، تعداد دانه در ردیف (3/19 و 5/11 درصد)، عملکرد دانه کنسروی­ (4/41 و 5/30 درصد)، شاخص برداشت بلال (3/20 و 1/22 درصد)، فعالیت آنزیم اوره­آز (0/40 و 8/68 درصد) و تنفس میکروبی خاک (1/12 و 6/1 درصد) را در مقایسه با کاربرد جداگانه نیتروکسین و150 کیلوگرم اوره به‌صورت معنی­داری افزایش داد و با سطح 300 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار تفاوت معنی­داری نداشت. بنابراین، کاربرد کود زیستی نیتروکسین همراه با ترکیب 150 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار و تیمار آبیاری 75 درصد با حصول عملکرد بهینه به‌عنوان راه حلی مناسب در کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی در این منطقه توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین دانه؛ تنفس میکروبی خاک؛ عملکرد دانه کنسروی؛ قند محلول دانه

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