ارزیابی صفات کیفی شلغم علوفه‌ای (Brassica rapa var. rapa) در کشت مخلوط با ریحان (Ocimum basilicum) تحت تأثیر کاربرد بیوچار و ورمی‌کمپوست

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 1، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 59، فروردین 1403، صفحه 1-17   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2022.75103.1092

نویسندگان

روما کلهرمنفرد¹؛ محمد رضا اردکانی^{* 2}؛ فرزاد پاک نژاد¹؛ منصور سراجوقی¹؛ حسنعلی نقدی بادی³

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

²گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

³مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش دو ساله بر روی عملکرد کیفی شلغم علوفه­ای (Brassica rapa var. rapa) به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی کرج در سال­های (1398- 1397) انجام شد. با افزایش نسبت ریحان (Ocimum basilicum) در کشت مخلوط، رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی، قندهای محلول، کاتالاز، رطوبت نسبی برگ شلغم علوفه­ای افزایش یافتند و همچنین موجب افزایش تنفس خاک و کاهش شاخص پایداری غشا گردید. مصرف بیوچار و همچنین ورمی­کمپوست در سطح 5/18 تن در هکتار موجب افزایش کیفیت برگ شلغم علوفه­ای، تنفس خاک و کاهش شاخص پایداری غشا شد. برهم‌کنش کشت مخلوط (70 درصد شلغم علوفه­ای+ 30 درصد ریحان) × ورمی­کمپوست 5/18 تن در هکتار × کاربرد بیوچار منجر به افزایش کلروفیل a 51/148 درصد، کلروفیل b 93/130 درصد، کلروفیل کل 48/134 درصد، کاروتنوئید 94/214 درصد، رطوبت نسبی برگ 31/50 درصد، قندهای محلول 26/89 درصد، کاتالاز 200 درصد، و کاهش شاخص پایداری غشا 16/192 درصد نسبت به شاهد (شلغم علوفه­ای 100 درصد (تک کشتی)× ورمی­کمپوست 15 تن در هکتار × عدم مصرف بیوچار) شد. بیشترین مقدار تنفس خاک نیز مربوط به برهم‌کنش ورمی­کمپوست 5/18تن در هکتار×کشت مخلوط 70 درصد شلغم علوفه­ای+ 30 درصد ریحان 54/154 درصد، کشت مخلوط 70 درصد شلغم علوفه­ای+ 30 درصد ریحان و بیوچار 90/190 درصد و همچنین برهم‌کنش بیوچار و ورمی­کمپوست 5/18تن در هکتار × بیوچار 75/93 درصد نسبت به شاهد بود. کاربرد توأم نسبت کاشت70 درصد شلغم علوفه­ای + 30 درصد ریحان در ورمی­کمپوست 5/18 تن در هکتار و بیوچار پنج تن در هکتار بهترین تیمار این پژوهش بوده و قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رطوبت نسبی برگ؛ شاخص پایداری غشا؛ فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز؛ قندهای محلول؛ کلروفیل

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