شناسایی و مدل‎سازی عوامل کلیدی موفقیت شرکت‎های دانش‎بنیان

پژوهش نامه مدیریت تحول

مقاله 1، دوره 14، بهار و تابستان 1401 - شماره پیاپی 27، شهریور 1401، صفحه 1-28   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/tmj.2022.69632.1077

نویسندگان

مجید استیری^{* 1}؛ محمد مهرآیین (لگزیان)²

¹کارشناس ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد

²استاد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

امروزه با توجه به رشد و توسعه پژوهش‎های آکادمیک در حوزه فناوری‎های برتر، شرکت‎های دانش‎بنیان نقش بسزایی در تحریک و تشویق کارآفرینی و رشد و شکوفایی اقتصاد کشورها ایفا می‎کنند؛ بنابراین پاسخ به این سؤال ضروری است که چه عواملی سبب رشد و موفقیت این شرکت‎ها خواهند شد. هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی عوامل کلیدی موفقیت شرکت‎های دانش‎بنیان با استفاده از یک مطالعه کیفی است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از لحاظ روش تحلیلی است. بدین منظور مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با استفاده از روش کیفی تحلیل تم صورت گرفته است. خبرگان مورد مصاحبه در تحقیق حاضر 25 نفر از مدیران عامل شرکت‎های موفق و برتر دانشگاهی و دانش‎بنیان مستقر در شهر مشهد در 3 سال اخیر هستند. مرور ادبیات، پژوهش‎های انجام گرفته و نتایج مصاحبه‎ها نشان‎دهنده 5 تم اصلی است که عوامل کلیدی موفقیت شرکت‎های دانش‎بنیان را در 5 سطح ویژگی‎های فردی، عوامل سازمانی، عوامل محیطی، استراتژی شرکت و تأمین و تخصیص منابع طبقه‎بندی می‎کند، که برای تفسیر و مشخص کردن ارتباط بین عوامل و مشخص کردن نقش هریک از متغیرها، از مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری استفاده شده است. بر اساس نتایج بررسی به نظر می‎رسد بعد از عوامل محیطی، تأمین و تخصیص منابع مالی مناسب (میزان و زمان تخصیص) و نیروی انسانی مناسب (تحصیل‌کرده، باتجربه، ماهر، خلاق و نوآور) از اهمیت بالاتری نسبت به سایر عوامل برخوردارند. همچنین مشخص گردید ویژگی‎های فردی و عوامل سازمانی دارای تأثیر متقابل دوطرفه بوده و استراتژی شرکت نیز بیشترین تأثیرپذیری را نسبت به سایر عوامل دارد. درنهایت بهترین روش اجرایی در بین ویژگی‌های پنجگانه تحقیق برای به‌کارگیری مدیران جهت دستیابی به موفقیت، رشد و توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان تعیین گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شرکت‎های دانش‎بنیان؛ عوامل کلیدی موفقیت؛ تحلیل تماتیک؛ مدل‎سازی ساختاری تفسیری

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