برآورد خلأ عملکرد گندم آبی( Triticum aestivum L.) استان لرستان با استفاده از روش مدلسازی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 11، دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 60، تیر 1403، صفحه 403-420   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2023.81319.1148

نویسندگان

کوروش حیدری¹؛ ماشااله دانشور^{* 1}؛ سجاد رحیمی مقدم¹؛ علی‌حیدر نصرالهی²

¹گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

²گروه علوم آب، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

چکیده

این مطالعه در شش منطقه الشتر، الیگودرز، بروجرد، خرم آباد، کوهدشت و پلدختر جهت برآورد خلأ عملکرد گندم آبی( Triticum aestivum L.) در بوم­نظام‌های زراعی استان لرستان به انجام رسید. به منظور شبیه­سازی عملکرد پتانسیل، آب محدود و نیتروژن محدود گندم آبی از مدل APSIM-wheat استفاده شد. بدین منظور داده­های مربوط به مدیریت، خاک، آب و هوا و گیاه از منابع مختلف مطالعه جمع آوری شد. مدل گیاهی قبل از استفاده، تحت شرایط محدودیت آب و نیتروژن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. اطلاعات مربوط به عملکرد واقعی نیز از ادارات جهاد کشاورزی هر شهرستان و استان به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که خلأ عملکرد کل در گندم آبی استان لرستان برابر با 5/4177 کیلوگرم در هکتار می باشد. همچنین، در سراسر مناطق و سال­های مورد بررسی سهم خلأ عملکرد مربوط مدیریت نیتروژن، آب و سایر عوامل کاهنده و محدود کننده عملکرد در سطح استان لرستان برابر با 68، 22 و 10 درصد خلأ عملکرد کل بود. تغییرات زیادی در بین مناطق مختلف از لحاظ خلأ کل در سطح استان لرستان وجود داشت به طوری که از 8/2661 کیلوگرم در هکتار در پلدختر تا 4/5608 کیلوگرم در هکتار در الیگودرز متغیر بود. در حال حاضر خلاء عملکرد کل گندم آبی در بوم‌نظام­های زراعی استان لرستان برابر با 59 درصد می­باشد. بیشترین سهم خلأ عملکرد کل مربوط به عدم مدیریت بهینه (زمان مصرف) کود نیتروژن می­باشد که در صورت به کارگیری مدیریت بهینه کود نیتروژن خلأ عملکرد کل در سطح همه­ مناطق مورد بررسی در استان لرستان به طور قابل توجهی کاهش خواهد پیدا کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عوامل کاهنده عملکرد؛ عوامل محدود کننده عملکرد؛ مدل APSIM-wheat؛ مدیریت آب؛ مدیریت نیتروژن؛ اعتبار سنجی

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