اثر کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک، ضدیخ طبیعی تیوفر و روغن سویا بر ویژگی‌های فنولوژیکی گیلاس در شرایط تنش سرما

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 19، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 60، اسفند 1402، صفحه 1163-1178   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2023.82775.1267

نویسندگان

حسین سرتیپ؛ علی اکبر شکوهیان^* ؛ اسماعیل چمنی؛ علیرضا قنبری

گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

خسارت ناشی از سرما در مراحل حساس رشد و نمو، یکی از عوامل مهم کاهش عملکرد گیاهان در سراسر جهان است. به منظور بررسی تاثیر کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک، ضد­یخ طبیعی تیوفر و روغن سویا، بر تحمل به سرمای بهاره درخت گیلاس رقم ’سیاه تکدانه مشهد‘ آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه فاکتور اسید سالیسیلیک (صفر، 5/1 و 3 میلی مولار)، ضد یخ طبیعی تیوفر (صفر، 5/2 و 5 در 1000) و روغن سویا (صفر، 5/2 و 5 در1000) در 4 تکرار در یک باغ تجاری واقع در شهرستان سرعین در سال­های 1398 و 1399 اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده­ها نشان داد که اثر فاکتورهای آزمایشی بر درصد مادگی سالم و زمان پایان گلدهی در سطح احتمال 1 درصد معنی­دار بود و بیشترین درصد مادگی سالم (25/69 درصد) در تیمار محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک (5/1 میلی مولار) به همراه روغن سویا (5 در 1000) و محلول‌پاشی 5 در 1000 ضد یخ طبیعی تیوفر مشاهده شد. اثر اسید سالسیلیک و ضد یخ طبیعی در به تاخیر انداختن زمان باز شدن گل­ها بیشترین اثر را داشت. بیشترین میزان درصد نشت یونی در تیمار شاهد و کمترین مقدار آن نیز در تیمار محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک 3 میلی مولار به همراه روغن سویا (5 در 1000) مشاهده شد. با توجه به مشاهدات این تحقیق می­توان نتیجه گرفت که استفاده از اسید سالیسیلیک به همراه روغن سویا و ضد یخ طبیعی تیوفر می­تواند راهکاری مناسب به منظور به تاخیر انداختن زمان باز شدن گل­ها و همچنین افزایش شاخص­های تحمل به سرما در گیلاس باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

القای مقاومت؛ سرمازدگی؛ شروع گلدهی؛ گیلاس و نشت یونی

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