تحلیل ساختاری- تفسیری نشانگرهای عدم اثربخشی نظام دانشگاهی در ایران

پژوهش نامه مبانی تعلیم و تربیت

دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 26، اسفند 1402، صفحه 53-84   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/fedu.2024.84489.1292

نویسنده

سید هدایت اله داورپناه^*

استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش، شناسایی و تحلیل نشانگرهای عدم اثربخشی نظام دانشگاهی در ایران بوده است. برای دستیابی به این هدف از روش آمیخته- اکتشافی متوالی طی دو مرحله کیفی و کمی بهره گرفته شد. در مرحله نخست (کیفی) گردآوری اطلاعات از طریق تحلیل 12 سخنرانی‌ و مصاحبه‌ صاحب‌نظران و خبرگان دانشگاهی در رسانه‌های مختلف صورت گرفت و نتایج نشان داد که طبق نظر صاحب‌نظران مهم‌ترین نشانگرهای عدم اثربخشی نظام دانشگاهی در ایران عبارت‌اند از: کمیت‌گرایی، عدم اثربخشی پژوهش‌ها، عدم مرجعیت علمی، مدرک‌گرایی، زوال مفهوم شاگردپروری، ناکامی و تنافر منزلتی دانش‌آموختگان، آشفتگی طبقاتی، آسیب‌پذیری و کاهش اعتماد عمومی به دانشگاه و دانشگاهیان و گسست دانشگاه از جامعه. در مرحله دوم پژوهش نیز به‌منظور تحلیل روابط بین نشانگرهای شناسایی‌شده و سطح‌بندی آن‌ها از رویکرد تحلیل ساختاری تفسیری (ISM) مبتنی بر نظر خبرگان بهره گرفته شد و در نهایت یافته‌ها نشان داد که نشانگرهای عدم اثربخشی نظام دانشگاهی در ایران بر اساس میزان تأثیرگذاری بر یکدیگر در پنج سطح قرار می‌گیرند. طبق یافته‌ها نشانگرهای سطوح بالاتر به ترتیب سطح از قدرت اثرگذاری بالایی بر سطوح پایین‌تر برخوردارند و نقش محوری در عدم اثربخشی نظام دانشگاهی در ایران دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تحلیل ساختاری تفسیری؛ عدم اثربخشی؛ نهاد دانشگاه؛ آموزش عالی؛ ایران

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