ارزیابی صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد باقلا (Vicia faba L.) تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف کودهای شیمیایی در اراضی شالیزاری

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31، خرداد 1404، صفحه 55-69   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.2024.89419.1096

نویسندگان

محمد ربیعی^* ؛ سجاد شاکرکوهی

بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، رشت، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کودهای نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم بر صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه باقلا (Vicia faba L.)، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 1397-99 در اراضی شالیزاری مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در شهرستان رشت به اجرا درآمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح نیتروژن خالص از منبع کود اوره (46، 69 و 92 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، دو سطح فسفر از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل (48 و 96 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح پتاسیم از منبع سولفات پتاسیم (50، 75 و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. همچنین، یک تیمار بدون مصرف کود (شاهد) جهت مقایسه مستقل اثرات مصرف کود در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین سطوح نیتروژن، کاربرد 92 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه جانبی، تعداد غلاف، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن 100 دانه، عملکرد غلاف، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد پروتئین را به خود اختصاص داد. بین سطوح فسفر، بیشترین تعداد غلاف (8/18)، تعداد دانه در غلاف (6/4)، عملکرد دانه (9/3996 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد پروتئین (2/1233 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با کاربرد 96 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار حاصل شد. افزایش سطوح پتاسیم تا 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار سبب افزایش تعداد غلاف، تعداد دانه در غلاف، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد غلاف سبز و عملکرد پروتئین شد. لذا، کاربرد کودهای نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم به‌ترتیب به‌‌میزان 92، 96 و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار جهت حصول عملکرد مناسب و تولید پایدار باقلا به‌عنوان کشت دوم در اراضی شالیزاری استان گیلان قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

برنج؛ عملکرد غلاف؛ فسفر؛ کشت دوم؛ نیتروژن

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