بررسی اثر پرایم بذر با سولفات‌روی، بر فتوسنتز و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata L.) تحت تنش کم‌آبی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31، خرداد 1404، صفحه 95-115   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.2024.90074.1100

نویسندگان

سارا رئیسی بیدکانی؛ محمد جواد زارع^*

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

کمبود آب از عامل مهم محدود‌کننده تولید لوبیا می­باشد، پرایم بذر با برخی عناصر ریزمغذی از جمله روی می­تواند تا حدودی اثرات منفی کم­آبی را تعدیل نماید. در همین راستا، به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر پرایم بذر با سولفات­­روی بر دو رقم لوبیا چشم­بلبلی تحت شرایط تنش کم­آبی، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1402 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل سه­عاملی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول میزان آبیاری (آبیاری در70 و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، فاکتور دوم رقم (محلی، مشهد) و فاکتور سوم پرایمینگ بذر با سولفات­روی (پرایم با محلول 14/0 درصد سولفات­روی (سطح 1)، پرایم با محلول 28/0 درصد سولفات­روی (سطح 2) و شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد که سرعت فتوسنتز گیاهانی که تحت آبیاری مطلوب قرار گرفته­­بودند در مقایسه با گیاهان در معرض کم­آبی70 درصد افزایش یافت، که به تبع آن، شاخص برداشت نیز افزایش 35 درصدی نشان داد. همچنین عملکرد دانه در گلدان، در شرایط تنش در رقم مشهد دارای برتری 31/30 درصدی نسبت به رقم محلی بود. میزان نشت الکترولیت در پرایم سطح 2 و عدم تنش نسبت به شاهد (تنش و عدم پرایم با سولفات­روی) کاهش 53 درصدی نشان­داد. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده مشخص گردید که پرایمینگ بذر علاوه‌بر افزایش در عملکرد لوبیا، می‌تواند نقش بسزایی در کاهش اثرات منفی کمبود آب ایفا کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعرق؛ شاخص برداشت؛ عناصر ریزمغذی؛ نشت الکترولیت

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