تولید جاذب‌های زیستی از ضایعات مرکبات برای جذب آلاینده‌ها و نمک از فاضلاب‌ها

آب و توسعه پایدار

مقاله 13، دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 33، آذر 1403، صفحه 143-164   

نوع مقاله: مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jwsd.v11i3.2404-1325

نویسندگان

هانیه قربانی جعفربیگلو؛ علیرضا چکشیان خراسانی^*

گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

یکی از مهمترین مباحث محیط‏زیستی درسطح جهان و به‌ویژه ایران، انباشت ضایعات جامد است زیرا حجم ضایعات در تولید ناخالص داخلی و درآمد ملی نگران‌کننده است. ضایعات جامد مانند ضایعات مرکبات ارزش اقتصادی ندارند و غیرقابل مصرف تلقی می‌شوند. بنابراین، استفاده از این ضایعات با ارائه روشی مناسب برای تبدیل آن‌ها به موادی با ارزش افزوده ضروری است. از طرفی، فاضلاب‌های بسیاری از صنایع، حاوی طیف گسترده‌ای از آلاینده‌های آلی و معدنی است که تصفیه مقرون‏ به‏ صرفه آن‌ها برای حل بحران آب ضروری است. روش جذب سطحی با استفاده از جاذب‌های زیستی ارزان قیمت و در دسترس یکی از کارآمدترین روش‌های حذف آلاینده‌ها از فاضلاب‌های صنعتی است. بنابراین، استفاده از ضایعات مرکبات و بهبود خواص جذب آن‌ها با کمک تیمارهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی، کربنه‌کردن، و یا ترکیبی از این روش‌ها، سبب حل هم‌زمان معضل ضایعات مرکبات و فاضلاب‌های صنعتی می‌شود. در این مطالعه مروری، جاذب‌های مختلف به‏دست آمده از ضایعات مرکبات به همراه روش‌های تولید آن‌ها بررسی و رفتار جذب آن‌ها براساس مدل‌های ایزوترم، سینتیک، و ترمودینامیک بیان می‌شود. همچنین، روش‌های بازیابی جاذب‌ها، ارزیابی اقتصادی و پیشنهادهایی برای توسعه این رویکرد ارائه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مرکبات؛ جاذب زیستی؛ جذب سطحی؛ فاضلاب؛ نمک‌زدایی

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