سالمندان چه می‌خوانند: داده‌کاوی الگوها و و تیپ‌های مطالعه‌کننده سالمندان

پژوهشنامه کتابداری و اطلاع رسانی

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28، آذر 1403، صفحه 5-26   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/infosci.2025.88480.1210

نویسندگان

مصطفی آهنگر¹؛ داود حاصلی^{* 2}؛ نصرت ریاحی‌نیا³

¹دانشجوی دکتری علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

²استادیار گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

³استاد گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: هدف کشف الگوها و موضوعات خواندن و تیپ‌های مطالعه‌کننده سالمندان براساس قوانین داده‌کاوی است.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از فنون داده‌کاوی و الگوریتم‌های قوانین طبقه‌بندی و خوشه‌بندی استفاده می‌کند. نمونه این پژوهش شامل 918324 داده امانت کتاب از سامانه مدیریت کتابخانه‌های عمومی ایران بود. این داده‌ها مورد پالایش قرار گرفتند و با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای اکسل، اس‌پی‌اس‌اس و کلمنتاین تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد مردان سالمند در حدود 5/2 برابر زنان سالمند کتاب امانت گرفتند. ازنظر سنی بیشتر امانت‌های سالمندان در دوره آغازین سالمندی ثبت شده بود. کتاب‌های ادبی حدود نصف و کتاب‌های تاریخی حدود یک‌پنجم از علایق خواندن سالمندان را تشکیل می‌دادند. کاربران سالمند بیشتر از عموم کاربران، تمایل به خواندن موضوعات ادبی، تاریخی و مذهبی داشتند. نتایج داده‌کاوی نشان داد متغیرهای جنسیت، تحصیلات، سن و شغل به ترتیب پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های موضوع کتاب‌های مطالعه شده توسط سالمندان بودند. جنسیت نخستین پیش‌بینی‌کننده بود، برای زنان سطح تحصیلات و برای مردان گروه سنی، دومین متغیر پیش‌بینی‌کننده بودند. به‌صورت کلی، زنان گرایش به ادبیات ایرانی و مردان گرایش به مطالعه کتاب‌های غیرادبیات داشتند. خوشه‌بندی تیپ‌های سالمندان نیز 5 خوشه را برای ویژگی‌های سالمندان و رده کتاب‌ها نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش نشان داد علایق خواندن سالمندان متفاوت از عموم مردم است و موضوعات مورد علاقه سالمندان متنوع بوده و متأثر از ویژگی‌های جمعیت‌شناختی آن‌ها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سالمندان؛ خواندن؛ کتابخانه‌های عمومی؛ داده‌کاوی

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