بررسی مشخصه‌های زمین‌آماری جمعیت شته Haris Acyrthosiphon pisum در مزارع یونجه شهرستان‌های دزفول (خوزستان) و بروجرد (لرستان)

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 38، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 66، دی 1403، صفحه 327-340   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.2024.87278.1180

نویسندگان

ایمان صبوری^{* 1}؛ آرش راسخ¹؛ امیر محسنی امین²

¹گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

²دانشیار پژوهشی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

تجزیه‌های زمین‌آماری به‌عنوان یک روش جایگزین برای بررسی مشخصه‌های مربوط به داده‌های بوم‌شناختی متغیرهای مکانی به‌خصوص برای جمعیت حشرات کاربرد دارد. شته سبز نخود فرنگی Acyrthosiphon pisum Haris از مهم‌ترین گونه‌های شته در مزارع یونجه محسوب می‌شود. این پژوهش در سال زراعی 1400- 1401 در مزارع یونجه شهرستان‌های دزفول (خوزستان) و بروجرد (لرستان) به‌ترتیب با مساحت پنج و هفت هکتار (90 و 130 شبکه 25 × 25 متری) انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از شته‌ها با استفاده از یک کادر 1 × 1 متری انجام و در هر شبکه، دو کادر به‌صورت تصادفی انداخته و از داخل هر کادر، شش ساقه و در مجموع، 12 ساقه انتخاب و شمارش شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار GS⁺ انجام و به‌منظور مدل‌سازی تغییرات وابستگی مکانی با افزایش فاصله بین نمونه‌ها، منحنی‌های نیم تغییرنما محاسبه و ارائه شد. نتایج تجزیه‌های زمین‌آماری برای شته‌ فوق در مزارع یونجه شهرستان‌های دزفول و بروجرد نشان داد که از 22 مرحله نمونه‌برداری، 12 مورد با مدل کروی، هشت مورد با مدل نمایی و دو مورد با مدل خطی برازش داشتند. درجه وابستگی مکانی بین 500/0 تا 998/0 قرار گرفت که نشان می‌دهد بیش از 50 درصد از تغییرپذیری (واریانس) بین داده‌ها دارای ساختار مکانی هستند و ضریب تبیین بین 55/0 تا 98/0متغیر بود. الگوی پراکنش این گونه از نوع تجمعی و دامنه مؤثر برای این گونه، در مدل نمایی به نسبت بالا و در مدل کروی در بروجرد بین 9/121 تا 2/221 متر و در دزفول بین 9/137 تا 4/493 متر قرار گرفت. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، استفاده از علم زمین‌آمار و نقشه‌های پراکنش به‌منظور ردیابی و پیش‌آگاهی جمعیت در اوایل حمله شته سبز نخود فرنگی به مزارع یونجه پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تغییرات جمعیت؛ سمی‌واریوگرام؛ کریجینگ؛ مدیریت آفات؛ واریوگرافی

مراجع

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