ترکیب شیمیایی پیریت های گرمابی، شاخصی برای تفسیر فرایندهای کانه‌ساز: بررسی موردی کانسار مس مأمونیه، کمان ماگمایی ارومیه- دختر

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

دوره 17، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 45، 1404، صفحه 1-26   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2025.1131

نویسندگان

محمد گودرزی^{* 1}؛ حسن زمانیان²؛ اورس کلوتزلی³؛ ماتی یولله⁴

¹دکتری، گروه زمین‌ شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد‌، ایران

²استاد، دانشکده زمین شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

³استاد، دپارتمان تحقیقات لیتوسفر، دانشکده علوم زمین، جغرافیا و نجوم، دانشگاه وین، وین، اتریش

⁴دکتری، دپارتمان تحقیقات لیتوسفر، دانشکده علوم زمین، جغرافیا و نجوم، دانشگاه وین، وین، اتریش

چکیده

محتوای عناصر اصلی و کمیاب در پیریت ­های گرمابی، به عنوان فراوان‌ترین کانی سولفیدی همراه با رگه‌های کوارتز کانه‌دار، برای آشکارسازی فرایندهای تشکیل کانه‌ها در کانسار مأمونیه در کمان ماگمایی ارومیه- دختر بررسی شد. فراوانی کبالت، نیکل و آرسنیک در پیریت ارتباط نزدیک  با ویژگی‌های ژنتیکی و فرایندهای زمین‌شناسی کانسار دارد و داده‌های کبالت- نیکل- آرسنیک در پیریت‌های کانسار مأمونیه نشان می‌دهد که اغلب متمایل به قطب غنی از کبالت هستند که با ذخایر ماگمایی- گرمابی نوع اپی‌ترمال سازگار است. بررسی داده‌ها نشان‌دهنده تحول سیال ماگمایی به سمت آب‌های جوی متأخر است. کاهش محتوای آرسنیک در پیریت‌ها به ­دلیل مخلوط‌شدن سیال کانه‌ساز با آب‌های جوی غنی از اکسیژن به افزایش محتوای آرسنیک سامانه کانه­ ساز منجر می ­شود. در شرایط اکسیدان، آرسنیک با ظرفیت As¹^- به جای گوگرد و همچنین در ترکیب با Fe²⁺ به صورت As³⁺ و As⁵⁺ وارد ساختار پیریت می‌شود. پهنه‌بندی عمودی عناصر در مقایسه با ذخایر اپی‌ترمال نشان می‌دهد که بخش عمده نمونه‌ها در کانسار مأمونیه ویژگی‌های بخش میانی تا عمیق سامانه را نشان می‌دهند. محتوای مس در پیریت‌های مأمونیه تا 95/0 درصد وزنی دیده می‌شود که نشان می‌دهد پیریت می‌تواند میزبان باشد. محتوای نیکل نیز در پیریت‌های مأمونیه بیشتر از Ni پوسته قاره‌ای است و می­تواند بیانگر منشأ گوشته‌ای برای پیریت‌ها باشد. تغییرات در نسبت‌های نیکل به کبالت در پیریت برای طبقه‌بندی منشأ و منبع ذخایر گرمابی بیانگر دامنه غالب بین 1 تا 10 و مطابق با پیریت‌های ماگمایی- گرمابی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شیمی پیریت؛ اپی ترمال؛ سولفیداسیون پایین؛ مس؛ تجزیه ریزکاوالکترونی؛ عناصر کمیاب؛ کمان ماگمایی ارومیه دختر

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