تأثیر کاربرد ترکیبات آلی بر بهبود رنگدانه‌ها، صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد دانه لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 17، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 64، تیر 1404، صفحه 281-302   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2025.89695.1213

نویسندگان

رضا صباغیان¹؛ مهدی برادران فیروزآبادی^{* 1}؛ مصطفی حیدری¹؛ فرزانه بهادری²؛ صفیه عرب¹

¹گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

²مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر ترکیبات آلی شامل اسید هیومیک، عصاره چای سبز و عصاره قهوه بر بهبود رنگدانه­ها و صفات فیزیولوژیکی لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata)، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1402-1401 در آزمایشگاه و مزرعه­ شخصی در شهر سمنان طراحی و اجرا شد. آزمایش در قالب فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار بود. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل پرایمینگ بذر در پنج سطح (شاهد، آب مقطر، اسید هیومیک (750 میلی­گرم در لیتر)، عصاره چای سبز (غلظت 10 درصد) و عصاره قهوه (غلظت 10 درصد)) و محلول‌پاشی برگی در چهار سطح (شاهد، اسید هیومیک (750 میلی­گرم در لیتر)، عصاره چای سبز (غلظت 10 درصد) و عصاره قهوه (غلظت 10 درصد)) بودند. محلول‌پاشی در زمان آغاز گل‌دهی صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که پیش­تیمار بذور با اسید هیومیک، عصاره چای سبز و عصاره قهوه منجر به افزایش معنی­دار صفات محتوای نسبی آب برگ، شاخص پایداری غشاء، شاخص سطح برگ، رنگدانه­های فتوسنتزی، عملکرد پروتئین و عملکرد دانه شد. در گیاهانی روییده از بذور پیش­تیمار‌شده، میزان مالون­دی­آلدهید و کربوهیدرات­های محلول برگ تا سطح معنی­داری کاهش نشان داد. محلول­پاشی با این مواد منجر به بهبود شاخص سطح برگ، میزان رنگدانه­های فتوسنتزی، عملکرد پروتئین و عملکرد دانه شد. در نهایت، در محدوده پژوهش انجام‌شده، کاربرد اسید هیومیک به‌میزان 750 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و چای سبز با غلظت 10 درصد به­صورت پیش­تیمار بذری و محلول­پاشی برگی در مزرعه توصیه می­شود. به منظور توصیه پیش‌تیمار بذور و محلول‌پاشی عصاره قهوه نیاز به تحقیقات بیشتری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتی اکسیدان؛ پیش‌تیمار؛ کودهای بیولوژی؛ محلول‌پاشی

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